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Tag: "smooth" at biology news

Vital step in cellular migration described by UCSD medical researchers

... system leukocytes (such as T cells), striated and smooth muscle, and neurons. For this reason, they believe the mechanism used by alpha4 integrins to localize Rac activity may participate in a wide variety of cell migratory and pathfinding events. In addition to Nishiya and Ginsberg, additional authors we...

Researchers report new pro-inflammatory role for anti-inflammatory enzyme

... reactivity of immune cells and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells," explains Dr. Hobbs. "iNOS is not expressed under normal physiological conditions, but is up-regulated for host-defense purposes." Now, the researchers have validated their hypothesis in vivo using mice that do not produce eNOS. These ...

Nano-bumps could help repair clogged blood vessels

... increased attachment for endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells lining the insides of arteries, said Thomas Webster, an associate professor of biomedical engineering at Purdue. The stents are small metal scaffolds that are inserted inside arteries to prop them open during or after surgery to remove ...

Gov't Creates Gene Database of Normal Human Tissues

... contraction" genes were found in skeletal muscle, smooth muscle tissue, and the heart -- all organs that share a common way of functioning. To illustrate the kind of useful data that can emerge from using this tool, Khan's team analyzed 100 samples of the most common pediatric solid tumor cancer, neurobla...

Insects, viruses could hold key for better human teamwork in disasters

...ce of analogy. However, the researchers envision a smooth transition of concepts from the collaborative honeybee behavior to solve complex tasks, like foraging, into the disaster relief context, because of the modeling similarities of both settings. Although many research initiatives have used ants as a so...

Unexpected lock and key mechanism found for the assembly of tumor blood vessels

... of a blood vessel, together to bind with vascular smooth muscle, the outer portion of a blood vessel. Blood...essels only work when both endothelia and vascular smooth muscle are bound together. Previous work on integrin alpha4beta1 showed that the protein worked in t...

Spiders help scientists discover how muscles relax

...cture of isolated myosin molecules from vertebrate smooth muscle--the type of muscle found in the digestive ...te University reported the atomic structure of the smooth muscle myosin molecules. The similarity suggests, Padron said, that the interacting head structure...

Gene therapy to lower blood pressure just enough

...oblem of hypertension, including the relaxation of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels, increasing the vessels' diameters, and reducing the manner in which the vessels react to agents that can constrict those vessels. ANP also improves the manner in which the kidney eliminates sodium or salt from the body ...

Why do aneurysms form? New studies suggest leading role for white blood cells

...ling response doesn't work. Something eats away at smooth muscle cells in the wall of the aorta until it starts to fall apart." Researchers have found that AAAs appear to be associated with high levels of enzymes that are capable of doing that eating. But the question of how those enzymes get there, and wh...

UT Southwestern researchers unravel control of growing blood vessels

... Center have discovered a basic mechanism by which smooth muscle cells that line the blood vessels can grow ...r organs. Unlike the skeletal and cardiac muscles, smooth muscle cells can either rest in their final form, which allows vessels to contract, or they can divi...

Health benefits of a Christmas brandy

Drinking a shot of smooth full-flavoured brandy this Christmas could actually benefit your health, Monash University researchers have found. Dr Gordon Troup from the School of Physics said that, in moderation, brandy had been shown to have supplementary medicinal health bene...

Scientists use stem cells to grow cartilage

...ve tissue usually found between bones to allow the smooth movement of joints. Research to be published in Tissue Engineering shows how the Imperial team directed embryonic stem cells to become cartilage cells. This could allow doctors to grow cartilage for transplantation for a number of injuries and medi...

Bare metal stents deliver gene therapy to heart vessels with less inflammation in animal studies

...ivered genes from alloy samples to animal arterial smooth muscle cells. In a second experiment using rodents, the researchers detected gene expression with significantly lower restenosis in the carotid arteries of animals with the experimental stents, compared to control animals with conventional, polymer-c...

Understanding the oceans microbes is key to the Earth's future

... that other organisms are unable to complete. The smooth functioning of these cycles is necessary for life to continue on earth." Early marine microorganisms also helped create the conditions under which subsequent life developed. More than two billion years ago, the generation of oxygen by photosynthet...

New study explores beetle species with two forms of females

...have two forms of females ?for example, one with a smooth back and another furrowed ?the researchers found that this polymorphism is actually a stable state, that is, neither of the forms go extinct. "The results have implications for the understanding of how genetic diversity is maintained in populations...

Botox could help target resistant tumors for treatment

.... "Tumor microvessels are formed hastily, and lack smooth muscle layers, but one can find mature blood vessels, with smooth muscle layers that respond to toxins like Botulinun, inside tumors. Several laboratories, including ...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

...ually repair a damaged strand of DNA, but they can smooth over the problem by inserting a nucleotide opposite the damaged partner, so the DNA replication machinery can finish duplicating the chromosome despite the damaged DNA. This trick is usually referred to as a DNA damage tolerance mechanism. "It enable...

U-M researchers take new approach to defeating Gram-negative bugs

...e bacteria look different. Gram-positive cells are smooth on the outside, while Gram-negative cells have sugars and carbohydrates on the outside in structures that look like hairs. That exterior protection is part of what makes Gram-negative bacteria harder to kill antibiotics, Woodard said. Woodard's te...

Amber reveals ecology of 30 million year old spiders

...b-spinners. The Dominican trees are long, thin and smooth whereas the Baltic trees are wide and bushy, providing a much better environment for web-spinners to prosper," says Dr Penney. The study demonstrates for the first time that spiders trapped in amber can be scientifically compared across deep time (3...

Pigeons provide clue to solving common problem in heart patients

...ulator of genes that controls the growth of artery smooth muscle cells," said William Wagner, Ph.D., senior ...s "over exuberant" tissue healing and involves the smooth muscle cells. It is not known why this happens in some people and not in others, but many scientists...

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