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Tag: "smaller" at biology news

New findings offer more complete view of breast cancer gene mutations in US population

... with earlier estimates made by extrapolating from smaller studies. However, we found a slightly lower frequency of BRCA1 mutations and a higher frequency of BRCA2 mutations," said the study's other lead investigator, Kathleen Malone, Ph.D., Member of the Public Health Sciences Division at the Fred Hutchinso...

Bacteria can help predict ocean change

...species came and went predictably, Fuhrman said. A smaller "wild card" group in each sample was not predictable and could represent the bacterial equivalent of weeds and other redundant plants. "Wherever we looked, we found predictable kinds, but within the groups there were always less predictable and mor...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

...icient and, therefore, rainfall is suppressed. The smaller droplets are lifted higher up into the atmosphere, creating larger and taller clouds that will persist longer. Not only does this alter the whole water cycle, but the increased cloud cover reflects more of the sun's radiation back into space, creatin...

Researchers seek to solve mystery of natural HIV control

...n viral loads below 2,000 copies/ml, while an even smaller group, called elite controllers, have viral loads too low to be detected by currently available assays. "The primary goal of the Elite Controller Collaborative Study is to identify the mechanism that explains control of viral replication in both o...

How ancient whales lost their legs, got sleek and conquered the oceans

...formed all the way to the toes even as they became smaller suggests that Sonic hedgehog was still functioning to pattern the limb skeleton. The new research shows that, near the end of 15 million years, with the hind limbs of ancient whales nonfunctional and all but gone, lack of Sonic hedgehog clearly come...

Rice scientists unveil 'nanoegg'

...es. Like nanoshells, nanoeggs are about 20 times smaller than a red blood cell, and they can be tuned to focus light on small regions of space. But each nanoegg interacts with more light ?about five times the number of wavelengths ?than their nanoshell cousins, and their asymmetric structure also allows th...

MIT 'seeing machine' offers hope to blind

...ng eye. A person with 20/70 vision can see nothing smaller than the third line from the top of most eye chart...ered legally blind, meaning they could see nothing smaller than the "big E" on a standard eye chart. With her weak eye, Goldring can distinguish between light...

How plants avoid feeling the burn

...an a single nanometer thick, or about 10,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. One measurement problem is that carotenoids are highly prone to react with water and oxygen, so all measurements had to be performed in an environment that would both protect the molecule and immerse it in an environ...

Food-crop yields in future greenhouse-gas conditions lower than expected

...ion Enrichment (FACE) technology, "indicate a much smaller CO2 fertilization effect on yield than currently assumed for C3 crops, such as rice, wheat and soybeans, and possibly little or no stimulation for C4 crops that include maize and sorghum," said Stephen P. Long, a U. of I. plant biologist and crop sci...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...aking them noninvasive, and are thousands of times smaller than the electronics now used to measure brain activity. Lieber's group has previously shown that nanowires can detect, with great precision, molecular markers indicating the presence of cancer in the body, as well as single viruses. Their latest w...

A switch between life and death

...Without bantam, tissues grow too slowly and remain smaller than normal. The amount of bantam produced by the cell directly depends on the amount of traffic on the Hippo signaling pathway, and higher levels of bantam prompt more cell division. "Bantam is an unusual type of RNA molecule," Thompson says. "Norm...

Study reveals how ADHD drugs work in brain

...ught to be targeted by ADHD drugs: the PFC and two smaller brain areas known as the accumbens which has been linked with processing "rewards," and the medial septum, which has been implicated in arousal and movement. Working with rats, the researchers conducted laboratory and behavioral tests to ensure that...

New MRI technique quickly builds 3-D images of knees

...ys," you need to be able to complete each of these smaller encodings within a couple of milliseconds." Rather than using the conventional approach, which sweeps horizontally to gather magnetic resonance data, Block's technique acquires the body's signals radially, in a way that looks somewhat like a toy K...

In-home sensors spot dementia signs in elderly

...dely available and inexpensive. Plus, it's getting smaller and smaller, so it can be deployed in elders' homes much less obtrusively. However, "the thing a lot of people don't realize is that although the hardware appears to be the hard part, the data management is the hard part," Hayes said. "Really, the bu...

Ultrasound may help regrow teeth

... "After proving it worked, we looked at creating a smaller ultrasound carrier where we can take the patient out as a variable," said El-Bialy. "Before this, a patient has to hold the ultrasound for 20 minutes a day for a year and that is a lot to ask." The researchers are currently working on turning their...

Brittle prions are more infectious

... preventing the aggregates from being broken up to smaller seeds, their propagation can be reduced. In contrast, most such strategies now aim at preventing the proteins from forming in the first place," he said. In future studies, Weissman and his colleagues plan to expand their analytical model to describe...

Rice scientists make first nanoscale pH meter

...by a thin shell of metal, usually gold. Many times smaller than living cells, nanoshells can be produced with great precision and the metal shells can be tuned to absorb or scatter specific wavelengths of light. To form the pH sensor, Halas' team coated the nanoshells with pH-sensitive molecules called para...

The loss of a protein favors lung tumor growth

... strategies that permit the detection of tumors of smaller size, biomarkers that make early detection possible, as well as a greater understanding of the alterations that occur. All of this in order to discover specific therapies for correcting these errors. ...

Alaska seal pup diet may hold key to decline of population

...ers placed them on a high fat or low fat diet. But smaller seals, regardless of which diet group they were pu...from Göteborg University that found wild seal pups smaller than 26 kg when they were weaned were less likely to survive the winter. It seems that mother seals,...

'Scent of a woman' tells male redback spiders to find a mate

...can smell females, they develop rapidly, trading a smaller body size and less fat reserves against getting to...y males, the researchers found that the males were smaller but had more fat on their body. They suspect that these males need the extra fat for the extended co...

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