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Tag: "smaller" at biology news

Extreme environment changes fish appearance

...sh began to look different, with deeper bodies and smaller heads, although all the fish are pretty much the same genetically. Sean Lema, a graduate student at UC Davis, and Gabrielle Nevitt, professor of neurobiology, physiology and behavior, set out to see if environmental changes could affect how the fi...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...ity is very localized, about the size of a dime or smaller on the brain, and is associated with bottom-up sen... neurons, while the higher frequencies synchronize smaller groups. Though neuroscientists don't know what underlying neural activity generates the waves record...

New dwarf buffalo discovered by chance in the Philippines

...all population, large mammals often evolve to much smaller size," said Darin Croft, lead author of the study ...at. Further, the fact that B. cebuensis lived on a smaller island than the tamaraw and evolved into a smaller size than the tamaraw supports the hypothesis tha...

More kidney cancer is detected and treated early, yet death rate rises

...ws us is that, despite more frequent surgeries for smaller kidney cancers, mortality among patients with kidney cancer has continued to increase," Hollingsworth says. "So even while detection and treatment are increasing and more tumors have become detectable, this study suggests a disconnect because we are ...

Three-dimensional, miniature endoscope opens new diagnostic possibilities

... in diameter. Existing miniature endoscopes using smaller fiber bundles may be more flexible but have difficulty producing high-quality images. The new device developed at MGH-Wellman uses a technology called spectrally encoded endoscopy (SEE). Multicolored light from a single optical fiber ?introduced t...

History-hunting geneticists can still follow familiar trail

...-shirts or shoes within a larger population than a smaller population." However, the connection between mtDNA and population size was questioned this year when French scientists analyzed vast groups of gene sequences from more than 3,000 animal species. They speculated that an evolutionary tendency for sp...

Dinosaurs -- stones did not help with digestion

...ssistance of bacteria in the digestive system. The smaller the pieces are, the better they can break down the food. Possibly, the scientists conclude, the intestines of the sauropods were formed in such a way that the food was retained there for a very long time, in order to improve the digestive process. ...

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...esponse, which this research has now shown to be a smaller part of the overall fish immune system than previously thought. "If we work to create vaccines that encourage phagocytic B cell to respond to infection, then we would play to the strengths of fish immunity," Sunyer said. "In the long term, farming ...

Humpback whales have brain cells also found in humans

...processes take place, was similar in complexity to smaller sized cetaceans such as dolphins. The large area of cortex found in these mammals is thought to be related to acoustic capabilities and the current study shows that it is organized into a system of core and belt regions. However, substantial variabil...

Contrary to common wisdom, scientist discovers some mammals can smell objects under water

...ar" Or is there a size limit and it only works for smaller mammals"" He hopes that publication of his paper will encourage researchers who are studying all kinds of semi-aquatic animals to take a closer look at how they are using their noses underwater. ...

Like a snail through the intestinal canal

...come deformed. The solution then is found in using smaller and larger surfaces that slide over each other. If...gins moving in relation to the larger surface, the smaller surface has less freedom of movement. One by one the small 'hands' of the robot move forward. After ...

Chemotherapy temporarily affects the structures of the human brain

...s and other cognitive functions were significantly smaller in breast cancer patients who received chemotherap...t one-year, patients treated with chemotherapy had smaller volumes in cognitively sensitive areas, such as the prefrontal, parahippocampal and cingulate gyri, ...

Different strategies underlie the ecology of microbial invasions

...ring conquistadors in the New World--or, on a much smaller ecological scale, the ability of bacteria to spread their viruses to competing bacteria. In a new study, researchers have compared two different general ways in which bacteria compete with one another, and they have found that each strategy seems to ...

Winning by a neck -- Giraffes avoid competing with shorter browsers

...s unclear whether this is caused by competition -- smaller browsers eating some of the leaves at lower height...ound trees in greater Kruger National Park to stop smaller browsers from eating leaves. After a complete growing season they found that the number of leaves on...

Elasticity imaging identifies cancers and reduces breast biopsies

...city image. Lesions where the elasticity image was smaller than the standard image were characterized as benign, and lesions where the elasticity image was larger were characterized as malignant. Ultrasound-guided biopsies were performed on 80 patients with 123 lesions. Biopsy showed that elasticity imag...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...ugh the process of natural selection comparatively smaller brains than orangs inhabiting the more bounteous S...tervals between births could themselves be tied to smaller brains in such higher primates as orangutans, van Schaik and Taylor wrote in their current report. ...

Complexity constrains evolution of human brain genes

.... They explained the trend as a correlate of smaller population size in the more advanced species. Species with smaller population size can more easily escape the harsh scrutiny of natural selection. When they compare...

'Mindless autopilot' drives people to underestimate food decisions

... Eat More Than We Think" (Bantam Books): Use smaller bowls: People who served themselves foods into smaller serving bowls ate almost 60 percent less than when they are served helpings in larger bowls. See...

Scientists find a key to immune system's ability to remember

... to fight that agent decreases dramatically. But a smaller subset, known as "memory" cells, retains the imprint of its previous encounter should the pathogen make a return appearance. According to the study, while Lck primes naïve cells to fight a pathogen, it is not required by memory cells, which initiat...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

...human hair and containing pores up to 20,000 times smaller than the eye of a needle. The researchers were ...rs. Zhang's nanofiber scaffold, around 1,000 times smaller than the existing systems, is much closer in size to the extracellular matrices that living cells ma...

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