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Tag: "small" at biology news

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

... similar to how humans can sense air flow with the small hairs on the face. Until now, it had not been demo...n the dark hunting for crabs, lobsters, shrimp and small fish, their reliance on information from their lateral line is essential. The results are interestin...

First confirmed common genetic risk factors for breast cancer

...r susceptibility genes are mutated in a relatively small percentage of women. "Risk mutations within these genes are so rare that only a very small number of breast cancer incidences are caused by these mutations," said Jianjun Liu, Ph.D., co-autho...

New designer lipid-like peptide with lipid nanostructures for drug delivery systems

...the study, comments on the study, “the addition of small amounts of designer lipid-like peptides is suffici...e Laggner is a world-expert on nanostructure using small angle X-ray scattering and Zhang can provide the designer lipid-like peptides that he has been studi...

'Virtual Patient' to simulate real-time organ motions for radiation therapy

...l-time simulations could allow doctors to spot the small fractions of time when the lungs, liver, kidneys, and eventually the heart, are stationary relative to the external radiation beams. These opportune moments during the actual therapy mean that doctors will have more confidence delivering the radiatio...

An 'elegant' idea proves its worth 25 years later

...as to give patients chemicals they already make in small amounts in large doses to make up for the missing urea cycle enzyme they inherited," says Ada Hamosh, M.D., M.P.H, clinical director of the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine. "Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate already know how to ...

Hawaiian treasure, macadamia nuts good for the heart

...to compare a heart-healthy diet with 1.5 ounces ?a small handful ?of macadamia nuts to a standard American diet. The participants had slightly elevated cholesterol levels, normal blood pressure and were not taking lipid lowering drugs. Researchers randomly assigned participants to either the macadamia nut ...

Puzzling plankton yield secrets to role in evolution/global photosynthesis

...icks nature has employed to ‘engineer?an extremely small eukaryote to thrive in nature—which may well find applications in bioengineering," said Palenik. "It was particularly interesting to see the predicted use of selenium-containing enzymes as one of the tricks to maintain such tiny cells. There are man...

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...pact in humans, but a U-M team will soon launch a small clinical trial to start to find out. Meanwhile, additional research is being carried out in animals prone to both obesity and diabetes. The study's lead author is E. Mitchell Seymour, M.S., a U-M research associate and supervisor of the U-M Cardi...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

... sensation, the researchers injected the mice with small amounts of a pain-causing chemical, formalin, and then exposed the affected paw area to a cold plate. Cold temperature clearly reduced the acute pain felt by control mice as shown by a reduction in the response to formalin injection when compared...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...eptors on cell surfaces. Typically, receptors bind small molecules through a lock and key mechanism where the molecule is the key and the receptor the lock. The nature and shape of molecules that serve as keys tells about the binding requirements of the receptor. Traditionally, probing a receptor this way ...

'Insulator' helps silence genes in dormant herpes virus

... long puzzled over the mechanism used to keep this small region of the genome going while nearby genes rema...rly latency, the Herpes virus can protect this one small region of the genome from silencing, allowing infected cells to survive," says study senior author J...

pHLIP, a novel technology to locate and treat tumors

...g is based on the fact that most tumors, even very small ones, are acidic as a result of the way they grow....ince the mechanism is general, and since even very small tumors can be targeted, there is an exciting array of possible applications for pHLIP,?said Donald ...

Global survey of lizards reveals greater abundance of animals on islands than on mainland ecosystems

...search conducted by Ted Case at UCSD and others on small groups of islands had found that islands?limited areas and isolation can reduce predation and competition pressures. As a result, island animals were able to reach exceptionally high densities. In their study, Jetz and Buckley confirmed that redu...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...rhabdus is a family of bacteria that in relatively small concentrations can kill insects - between 10-100 c...lar defence. They identified the inhibitor as a small molecule called 1,3-dihydroxy-2-(isopropyl)-5-(2-phenylethenyl)benzene, known as ST for short. T...

Keeping the immune system from starting a 'food fight'

... "We suggest that, over time, the accumulation of small cellular stresses due to daily changes and fluctuations in nutrients in STAMP2-deficient mice may lead to the activation of inflammatory pathways and inhibition of insulin action, resulting in systemic metabolic deterioration over the long term," he ...

8 plants from South Africa may hold potential for treating high blood pressure

...he management of asthma. Centella asiatica, a small herbaceous annual plant commonly referred to as Asiatic pennywort Ceratotheca triloba, a tall annual plant that flowers in summer sometimes referred to as poppy sue Chenopodium album, also called lamb's quarters, this is a weedy annual plan...

How to steer a moving cell

...lular messengers called chemokines are families of small proteins secreted by cells that regulate the cells?directional movement, or chemotaxis. Cells possess an innate ability to migrate, an inner compass that somehow senses the presence of chemokines. But in metastasis, the cell’s inner compass goes aw...

Students invent protective pouch to enhance cell therapy

...oject’s other sponsor. "We’re basically creating a small bio-reactor inside the vein to produce insulin and...isperse helpful proteins. But the openings are too small to allow the microcapsules to escape. In lab tests using latex tubing to represent a vein, the s...

Invasion of the island bats

...s were rich sources from which islands drew only a small sample. Once isolated and with fewer species around, island organisms were thought to lose their competitive edge and so they hardly ever re-colonized the continent from which they originated. These views suffered a severe blow recently when evol...

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

... bipolar disorder depends in part on the combined, small effects of variations in many different genes in ...esearchers were able to scan the entire group at a small fraction of the cost of scanning each person's material individually. The genetic material of the h...

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