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Tag: "size" at biology news

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...According to Walker, the increase in frequency and size of the uterine tumors is due to DES' ability to influence estrogen, a female hormone that is involved in promoting the growth of tumors by regulating the activity of key genes involved in cell growth. "We found that the DES treatment somehow 'reprogr...

Nanoparticle Breast Cancer Drug Approved by FDA

... to create tiny particles (nanoparticles 100th the size of a red blood cell) in which the active chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel, is bound to a naturally occurring protein called albumin. By using this nanotechnology, the active component (paclitaxel) can be delivered into the body at a 50 percent high...

Shift of weather patterns necessitates rethinking of reforestation methods

...ilable two tracts of land ?each about 100 acres in size ?on long-term, no cost leases, for forestry research. ...

Duke engineers develop new 3-D cardiac imaging probe

...e done what Chris Pua has done." "Maintaining the size of normal TE probes was a main factor in the design since 3-D imaging inherently requires significantly more sensors than 2-D imaging," said Pua. "The original casing held enough cabling for 64 transducer elements whereas our design successfully inco...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

...other megafauna--hippos, perhaps--then on down the size scale." O'Connell-Rodwell is writing a book on seismic communication in elephants that is scheduled to be published in 2006. Meanwhile, she and her colleagues continue to analyze the results of the 2004 experiment and plan to gather new data when th...

New tumor-suppressor gene discovered

...ne and found that the fly's eyes were decreased in size and deformed. In the third experiment, they inserted both a mats gene and a wts gene. "We found that mats and wts together can shrink the fly's eye much more dramatically," Lai reports. "Their effect is not additive, but synergistic. The two genes ha...

Biomarkers isolated from saliva successfully predict oral and breast cancer

...sults will need to be validated in a larger sample size in a blinded manner," he added. Also participating in the study were Yang Li, David Elashoff, MyungShin Oh, Stephanie Tsung, and Mai N. Brooks at UCLA. Harvesting saliva and other bodily fluids for molecules that detect early cancers has long been ...

New World founders small in number

... a surprisingly small population with an effective size of only about 70 individuals (those individuals li...r to standard models to incorporate changes in the size of the ancestral population and of each founder population through time. His analysis suggests that...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...ficult to characterize structurally because of its size and complexity, and its low level in normal cells. "This is a unique RNA structure, with distinctive features of RNA folding," said Feigon, who determined the structure with Theimer and Blois using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Mut...

A little stress gives beneficial oomph! to immune system

...ed group. These disc-shaped sponges were about the size of a grain of rice. Sponges were removed from some of the mice six hours after implantation and from the rest of the mice one, two or three days later. The researchers compared the numbers of leukocytes in each sponge once the sponges were removed. ...

Genetic therapy reverses nervous system damage in animal model of inherited human disease

...he brain. "The brain of the cat is much closer in size to the human infant brain compared to mice. Thus we think that it may be possible to achieve similar results in humans with as few as 20 to 30 injections in each of the two hemispheres of the brain," Wolfe said. "We believe, however, we can further l...

NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses

...onferred," says Yang. "It not only increased tumor size and number, but also pushed the cancer into an invasive state." Finally, they examined what happened when the knock-out mice were fed a Western diet enhanced with sulindac, an agent they had previously found help suppress tumor formation. To their s...

To sea or not to sea: When it comes to salmon sex, size sometimes doesn't matter

..., hence the need for the female to be of a certain size herself. "Small males, however, can sometimes fertilize many eggs by sneaking rather than by fighting," Quinn says in the chapter called, "Downstream Migration: To Sea or Not to Sea?" The evidence for this is in the DNA of the resulting offspring. ...

Findings have implications for tracking disease, drugs at the molecular level

...ave demonstrated that gold particles comparable in size to a molecule can be induced to emit light so strongly that it is readily possible to observe a single nanoparticle. Fourkas, in collaboration with postdoctoral researcher Richard Farrer and BC undergraduates Francis Butterfield and Vincent Chen, coa...

Man-made wetland's effectiveness similar to natural marsh

...he three-acre wetland in the study was roughly the size of three football fields and drained a watershed about 14 times that large. It is located in prime agricultural territory in west central Ohio ?on the shores of Great Miami River, a tributary that flows into a local lake and then on to the Ohio River...

Basis for DNA ejection from single phage particles

...onal and linear; it concerns a unique molecule the size of which may represent 50 times that of the bacterium. The driving force for DNA transport is still poorly defined. It was hypothesized that the internal pressure built during packaging of the DNA in the phage capsid was responsible for DNA ejection....

The circadian clock: Understanding nature's timepiece

A cluster of brain cells less than half the size of a pencil eraser tells you when to wake up, when to be hungry and when it's time to go to sleep. The same cells also cause you to be disoriented after you've flown across multiple time zones. The human circadian clock, comprised of about 20,000 ti...

Brain May Be Less Plastic Than Hoped

...nt, generating no activity. The team measured the size and shape of each of these cortical quiet spots. T...stead, though, the silent region remained the same size each time. The neurons surrounding it did not reach out to fill it in. Because fMRI data is subject...

Stealth Worms May Improve Insect Pest Control

...large it literally covers the earth. They range in size from less than a micron in length to as much as 26 feet. Worldwide interest has begun to focus on microscopic nematodes that live with symbiotic bacteria. "We study these nematodes -- which are actually insect killers -- not only to understand how di...

Microscopes at microscopic size

...ave managed to shrink the microscope itself to the size of a single human cell. An interdisciplinary resea...o raise the possibility of a micro-laboratory, the size of a credit card, which would be able to perform medical diagnostics, improving patient treatment by...

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