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Tag: "signals" at biology news

UT Southwestern researchers unravel control of growing blood vessels

...o new cells. Researchers have known about several signals that can stop smooth muscle cells from dividing an..., increases or decreases depending on what kind of signals the smooth muscle receives. This complexity suggests many pathways for future treatments. For insta...

Sudden change in social status triggers genetic response in male fish, study finds

...ears across his face. This physical transformation signals to males and females alike that he's the top fish ... produce gonadotropin-releasing hormones--chemical signals from the brain to the gonads that regulate sexual development in all vertebrates, including people. ...

New vaccine platform may fight infections with causes from influenza to bioterrorism

...e expressed on activated CD4+ T cells that in turn signals other cells, including B cells, to produce antibodies against the pathogen. But antibodies rely on other cells, such as dendritic cells, to capture the antigen and advertise their bounty, which they do by displaying an antigen fragment on their cell ...

Mechanism for Epstein-Barr virus protein's role in blood cancers discovered

...chers are in the process of blocking the molecular signals caused by EBNA3C's presence in B cells. This points the way to a possible drug for EBV-related cancers. "Stopping this step in the life cycle of EBV could be a major potential target for the development of therapeutics for treating EBV-related B cell...

Cyberkinetics, Case to develop system to help restore extremity function

...movement and generate command signals. The command signals would drive a hybrid FES-orthosis, an orthotic dev... control computers and other external devices with signals obtained from the motor cortex. Cyberkinetics is currently reviewing data from two participants impl...

Anti-cancer drugs may hold promise for premature aging disorder

...brane. Once there, a second tag within the protein signals an enzyme to cleave off the terminal portion of the protein, including the farnesyl group, freeing lamin A to integrate properly into the nuclear lamina. Because progerin carries the farnesylation tag but lacks the second cleavage tag, Capell specu...

Male elephants woo females with precise chemistry

... the elephants' olfactory systems that receive the signals sent by the source. "We're interested in where the frontalin is bound to the proteins in the various olfactory mucous milieus and transferred to the vomeronasal organ, where it's sensed as a pheromone," Greenwood said. "We're promoting the elephant...

FSU biologists describe key role of signal-transcribing gene during cell cycle

..., Cut interprets and transcribes the developmental signals sent through the "Notch" gene, which regulates a l...y replicate and divide. But when Cut garbles those signals the result is uncontrolled cell proliferation, sometimes with dire genetic and health consequences. ...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

...ence, reveals how T cells analyze and react to the signals of infection at the immunological synapse. Every T cell wears a unique molecule, called a T cell antigen receptor, on its surface that it uses to detect pieces of foreign proteins called antigens. These receptors exist in astonishing, and for all p...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...ow cells respond to the chemical and environmental signals all around them took hold in 2005 thanks to effort...searchers created a model of nearly 8,000 chemical signals involved in a network leading to programmed cell death. ITER Lands in France: The struggle over the...

Past experience of pheromones induces dominant courtship behavior in fruit flies

...n particular, the researchers found that pheromone signals in the context of experience with adult flies can influence how young flies will behave once they reach maturity. The work is reported by Jean-Francois Ferveur and colleagues at the Universite de Bourgogne, France, and the University of Manchester, ...

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

...ght on how the odor detecting system in mice sends signals that affect their social behavior. "Understandin...some studies in humans that suggest pheromone-type signals might have subtle effects on the regulation of certain physiological functions, such as the menstrua...

Penn study finds direct role for glial cells in brain cross-talk

... called neurons that send out and receive chemical signals called neurotransmitters across a space called the...rs called gliotransmitters and that these chemical signals are recognized by the neurons. The studies that have shown capability were conducted on isolated ner...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...enhanced blood oxygen level dependent signals. The signals can be localized in the brain and translated into ...d blood cells. Researchers then can quantify these signals to generate maps of various brain functions. "The brain regions 'specialized' for face processing...

Membrane research opens window to benefits for plants, humans

...mechanics of how such proteins respond to cellular signals such as altering pH (acidity and alkalinity) or ph...els. It is amazing that although distinct cellular signals are involved in these two types of closing events, both mechanisms are mediated through the same str...

Shorter colds, milder flu may follow from newly revealed immune mechanism

...ctedly, the investigators found that CCL5 turns on signals that allow cells to escape virus-induced death. These signals are termed anti-apoptotic because they work against a process of programmed cell death called apopto...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...istance reaction by the plant . The specific plant signals that are sensed by the pathogen to trigger the excision event remain to be identified. If some bacterial proteins give away the presence of the pathogen to the plant, why are they and their surrounding genomic islands maintained by the bacteria at ...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

...ust coordinate a laundry list of signals: internal signals contain information about energy level, food preferences, and metabolic need, while external signals relay information about the quality of available food, determined by its smell and taste. Scientist...

New understanding of regeneration gained by Forsyth scientists

... signal. "If we can learn how to send appropriate signals through gap junctions, we may be able to tell the system to make a complex structure as needed." said Levin. Michael Levin, PhD. is an Associate Member of the Staff in The Forsyth Institute Department of Cytokine Biology. Through experimental appro...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...e receptor, thus blocking transmission of chemical signals that lead to arthritis symptoms. “This study open...ted cell surface receptor ?one involved in passing signals that lead to inflammation. In theory, inhibiting this pathway might benefit people with rheumatoid a...

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