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Tag: "signals" at biology news

Frog peptides block HIV in lab study

...r the brain's electrical activity so that the cell signals elicited by the quick bursts of electricity can be tracked. In subjects who are awake, the pulses elicited a significant response: "The brain reacts in a strong and specific manner," Tononi explains. "There is a very interesting set of activations t...

Thinking the pain away? Study shows the brain's painkillers may cause 'placebo effect'

...pioid receptors, and stop the transmission of pain signals from one nerve cell to the next. Besides the brain's own chemicals, drugs such as heroin, morphine, methadone and anesthetics also act on the mu opioid receptor system to reduce pain. Because the endorphin system naturally tries to quell pain whene...

Tetanus toxin found to have therapeutic properties

...e. the membranes that connect the neurones so that signals can be sent through the brain. The molecule is as effective as the selective inhibitors currently used, but they are more powerful, they last longer, and they are more specific. This inhibitory effect converts the molecule into what could be a drug w...

Looks matter to female barn swallows

...at the females are paying close attention to these signals and that they respond quickly to changes in their ... biases such as age, size and initial variation in signals of male quality, like coloration, and to demonstrate that mate-selection decisions are continual and...

Overbearing colored light may reveal a second mechanism by which birds interpret magnetic signals

...t and that birds may be able to interpret magnetic signals by more than one mechanism. The work is reported in Current Biology by a team including Thorsten Ritz, of the University of California, Irvine, and Wolfgang and Roswitha Wiltschko, of the University of Frankfurt, Germany. It has been known for many ...

Carnegie Mellon University research reveals how cells process large genes

...ent of disease-causing mutations occur at standard signals where intron removal takes place through direct splicing. Mutations at recursive splice sites may cause additional diseases, but until now we haven't looked for them." Knowledge of recursive splicing also will help investigators predict structures o...

Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma

...ent of disease-causing mutations occur at standard signals where intron removal takes place through direct splicing. Mutations at recursive splice sites may cause additional diseases, but until now we haven't looked for them." Knowledge of recursive splicing also will help investigators predict structures o...

Engineered molecule amplifies body's immune response

...of the cell, which then use Stat molecules to send signals to the nucleus to increase the expression of genes needed to defend the host against infection. A balance in the amount of Stat signaling caused by interferon is very important. "When interferon levels are too low, the host is highly susceptible to...

Bitter or sweet? The same taste bud can tell the difference

...ational Academy of Sciences. CK may send opposite signals to the brain, depending on what kind of substance is on the tongue. Given the current findings, Herness thinks that CCK tells the brain that something bitter is on the tongue, while NPY sends a message that something sweet is being eaten. "We were s...

Physical and functional interaction of key cell growth molecules linked to cancer

...imulates cell growth by transmitting growth factor signals acting outside the cell. EGFR is often present at ...ignificant role in human cancers, transducing cell signals from outside the cell into the nucleus. According to Dr. Hung, "As in OS serves as a direct target o...

New Lab Research May Help Those Deafened By Immune System Attack

...vement in response to vibrations creates the nerve signals that are fed to the brain and interpreted as sounds and speech. Damage to the organ of Corti and hair cells, whether due to immune system attack, loud noise, trauma or medications, can diminish or destroy hearing. The U-M team has developed a monocl...

Engineered skin offers clues to melanoma development

... of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sends growth signals to a cell--was added to this combination, it produced clinical features of invasive human melanoma: darkly pigmented skin that progressed to ulcerated tumor nodules. Melanoma was observed as early as one month after the oncogenic combination was int...

Ibruprofen and other commonly used painkillers for treating inflammation may increase the risk of heart attack

... of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sends growth signals to a cell--was added to this combination, it produced clinical features of invasive human melanoma: darkly pigmented skin that progressed to ulcerated tumor nodules. Melanoma was observed as early as one month after the oncogenic combination was int...

Researchers use RNAi libraries to identify regulators of apoptosis and chemoresistance

... of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sends growth signals to a cell--was added to this combination, it produced clinical features of invasive human melanoma: darkly pigmented skin that progressed to ulcerated tumor nodules. Melanoma was observed as early as one month after the oncogenic combination was int...

Treatments have same target, different responses for lung cancer patients with genetic mutation

...gefitinib and erlotinib (Tarceva) work by blocking signals in the intracellular domain of EGFR--between the E...enting its activation by extracellular signals, or signals occurring outside of the cell, as opposed to the intra-cellular signal blocking of drugs like gefiti...

Bacteria recognize antimicrobials, respond with counter-defenses

...tes PhoQ, which sets off a cascade of signals. The signals turn on a large set of bacterial genes. Some of genes are responsible for products that fortify the bacterial cell surface and protect the bacteria from being killed. ...

Discovery suggests why stem cells run through stop signs

...take place, suggesting that microRNAs shut off the signals that stop cell division in most other cells. The findings were published online this week by the journal Nature. In the paper, the researchers also speculate that microRNAs may play a similar role in cancer cells, encouraging their proliferation. Th...

AACR Favors 'full spectrum of stem cell research biology'

...lled, then medical researchers could determine the signals that direct the development of human tissues, including cancers. # Bone marrow stem cells already have demonstrated their value in replenishing blood and immune systems damaged by cancer or cancer treatment. Research on human embryonic stem cells ma...

Modification of program enables prediction of gene transcription

...t's important to know these two areas. Some of the signals that regulate transcription reside right near the transcription site. There is a huge amount of biology to be discovered there, and the appreciation of this area is growing daily." While genomics researchers 15 years ago paid little attention to par...

Taking a flying jump

...ion to using their wings. Her results suggest that signals in the brain transferred via the 'giant fibre pathway', initiate a "take-off" sequence, involving stretching of the legs and depression of the wings that can move the fly in a specific direction. Previous studies did not detect directional jumping1,...

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