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Tag: "signals" at biology news

Picking apart how neurons learn

...control a neuron's ability to learn by adapting to signals from other nerve cells. The findings, published ... molecular signals. Desensitization to molecular signals from neighboring neurons - a process known as long-term depression, or LTD - is thought to be respon...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

...function by translating painful stimuli into nerve signals via specialized pores called "ion channels" in the neurons, as well as specialized receptors. The researchers' studies of Runx1 in these cells revealed that during embryonic development, the gene is characteristically expressed in pain-receptor cells...

Detection of DNA on nanotubes offers new sensing, sequencing technologies

...g said. "Furthermore, optics yield high-resolution signals and require a relatively simple setup. And, because our detection setup is in solution, we can sense in a natural biological environment." ...

Researchers get neurons and silicon talking

...conductor material in a way that neural electrical signals could be passed to the silicon chip," says Vassane...tandard neuroscience techniques while tracking the signals coming from the chip. The development of the interface and chip are crucial for this new technology...

Common bacteria pirate natural mechanism to get inside cells

...ptors to television antennae that control relay of signals from outside the cell to inside by turning on or off. Although there are no known receptors that have the job of triggering a bad result in the body, receptors that are 'on' too much may end up instructing the cell to do bad things, he says. "The hyp...

Marine mammals are on the frontline of failing ocean health

...ical use around the globe create distinct chemical signals that are reflected in the tissues of fish, seals, and other killer whale food. Prey from California waters have a chemical signature that reflects high use of DDT as an agricultural pesticide prior to the US ban in the 1970's. Similarly, chemical ra...

Mechanism for memory revealed in neurons of electric fish

...tudied by Zakon and Oestreich discharge electrical signals to survey their environment and communicate with each other. "Every time they discharge, it's kind of like they are opening their eyes and closing them," says Zakon. "Each pulse of electricity is a snapshot of the environment. These guys are swimmi...

How does the brain know what the right hand is doing?

...he outflow hypothesis says that the brain monitors signals it sends to the muscles telling them how strongly ...mands going to the muscles. There were no incoming signals from receptors, so this cannot have been responsible for the illusion,' says Dr Janet Taylor, one of...

Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells

...sing their efforts on how endothelial cells convey signals to stem cells in normal breast formation and in cancer. In collaboration with another Icelandic research team, the Gudjonsson lab is now unraveling the role of tyrosine kinase receptors and their downstream signaling events. The benefits of these 3...

Nanotechnology may find disease before it starts

...if their idea would work. The strongest ultrasound signals are those produced by sound waves bounce off a hard surface. While not biodegradable, the nanoparticles used in the study were biologically inert. The researchers took ultrasound images of the animals' livers every five minutes for 90 minutes after ...

Mobile phone use not linked to increased risk of glioma brain tumours

... Early mobile phones were designed to use analogue signals and emitted higher power than current digital phones but the study showed no increased risk of glioma brain tumours with the use of analogue phones. Notes to Editors:There are over 4,000 new cases of brain tumours per year of which glioma is the m...

Nano machine switches between biological and silicon worlds

...ents link the biological motor with the electronic signals of the silicon world. The biological element of the device starts with a DNA molecule fixed to the floor of the microfluidic channel. This strand is held upright, like a string held up by a weather balloon, by anchoring the floating end of the DNA ...

University of Utah to help build bionic arm

...real one. Sensors in the artificial arm would send signals to the computer and on to the interface device, which would relay the signals to nerves in the remainder of the amputated arm and then to the brain, allowing the person using it ...

Both alcoholism and chronic smoking can damage the brain's prefrontal cortex

...real one. Sensors in the artificial arm would send signals to the computer and on to the interface device, which would relay the signals to nerves in the remainder of the amputated arm and then to the brain, allowing the person using it ...

Mayo Clinic collaboration discovers protein amplifies DNA injury signals

...ed that the protein MDC1 amplifies weak DNA injury signals so genetic repair can begin. Once amplified, even low-level damage signals become strong enough to activate the cell's natural repair processes while the injury is most tracta...

Born with a love of speech

...erences. "We established that the low-pass filter signals weren't distinguishable to the neonates. The low frequency sounds that we used in our study didn't have enough information for the neonates to tell them apart," says Dr. Vouloumanos of the unpublished results. "From that I conclude tentatively that t...

In the mind's eye: How the brain makes a whole out of parts

... fragment at the bottom. At this point, the neural signals are ambiguous; the brain doesn't know whether the ...udy suggests that this delay depends upon emerging signals for combinations of shape fragments. In a sense, the brain has to construct an internal representati...

Stem cell study for patients with heart attack damage seeks to regenerate heart muscle

...ed that mesenchymal stem cells follow inflammatory signals or "home" to sites of injury in the body. Schaer ...induced, the MSCs given intravenously followed the signals to the injured section of the heart and aided in repair. These cells have also been studied for dif...

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

...e cell and form clusters when directed to do so by signals from within the cell.) "Our study is the first to show that HTLV-1 p12 not only enhances the activity of infected T cells, but that it promotes the spread of the virus from cell to cell by causing LFA-1 receptors to cluster on the cell surface," La...

Researchers develop portable 'vein finder' for faster, more accurate injections

...y. For example, a police radar gun sends microwave signals to a moving car, and when signals bounce back, the change in their frequency provides a measurement used to determine the vehicle's sp...

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