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Tag: "signals" at biology news

Genes In The Interferon System Important In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

... thyrosinkinase enzyme,whose function is to convey signals from interferon outside the cellsto the cell nucleus."We found that genetic variants of thyrosinkase protect against SLE. Itprobably has an inhibited function that blocks the interferon effect.It is therefore possible to imagine the development of me...

Termites feed through good vibrations

...processing ?how to ignore most noise but have some signals that trigger attention ?that may prove useful in a...locks had this characteristic frequency plus other signals indicating the presence of other termites in that "large block", so they chose to feed on the large ...

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...ce it binds, gp120 undergoes a shape change, which signals a companion protein, gp41, to begin a set of actions that enable HIV's membrane to fuse with the target cell's membrane. This fusion of membranes allows HIV to enter the cell and begin replicating. The structure of gp120 after it binds to the CD4 re...

Plants respond similarly to signals from friends, enemies

...odel legume Lotus japonicus responded similarly to signals from both rhizobia, the friends that fix nitrogen ...contrary to popular belief, the root-knot nematode signals plants from a distance and therefore does not need to attach itself to the plant to elicit a respons...

HIV Patients May Be at Risk of Heart Problems When Taking Protease Inhibitor Drugs

...on in channels permits the exchange of biochemical signals within and between cells. After hearing of a case of heart rhythm disturbances in a patient taking protease inhibitors, the researchers looked for evidence of other patients with similar experiences. To do this, they used the U.S. Food and Drug Admin...

Research on Worms Yields Clues on Aging

...that the anticonvulsants stimulated transmissionof signals in nerves that control body movement.Scientists previously had found genetic mutations in C. elegans thataffect both the nervous system and life span. The researchers usedthese mutant worms to further pin down the mechanism by which theanticonvulsant...

Scientists seek answers on what activates deadly anthrax spores

...ogy, added, "Basic understanding of the regulatory signals that promote germination will enable discoveries leading to drugs that block the process." The research is being paid for by a $152,687 grant from the Southeast Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infections, based at Duke Unive...

Color-blind method opens new doors in DNA sequencing

...suring of fluorescence, because PME gives brighter signals and collects more of that signal by eliminating the need for a prism to separate the light into colors." Metzker is also seeking to develop a chip-based imager than could be used in his overall project on sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS), which is fund...

Enzyme allows B cells to resist death, leading to leukemia

...the result of an undefined defect in theprogrammed signals that trigger normal B cell death (apoptosis). LivioTrentin and colleagues from Padua University School of Medicine nowdemonstrate that high levels of expression and altered cellularlocation of an enzyme in B cells known as Lyn, contributes to thedeve...

BRCA1 causes ovarian cancer through indirect, biochemical route

...er indirectly, by interfering with the biochemical signals one ovarian cell sends to another, according to a team of researchers led by scientists at the USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. Their work is being published in the Marc...

Scientists discover the cellular roots of graying hair

...erest to theresearchers is the pattern of cellular signals that triggers the deathof pigment stem cells, since melanoma is dangerous for the oppositereason –melanocytes proliferate uncontrollably to form tumors and arehard to kill with treatment.“Preventing the graying of hair is not our goal,?emphasizes Dav...

Fundamental Finding Yields Insight into Stem Cells, Cancer; Opens Door to Drug Discovery

...erest to theresearchers is the pattern of cellular signals that triggers the deathof pigment stem cells, since melanoma is dangerous for the oppositereason –melanocytes proliferate uncontrollably to form tumors and arehard to kill with treatment.“Preventing the graying of hair is not our goal,?emphasizes Dav...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a new approach for directing treatment to metastasized prostate cancer in the bones.

...erest to theresearchers is the pattern of cellular signals that triggers the deathof pigment stem cells, since melanoma is dangerous for the oppositereason –melanocytes proliferate uncontrollably to form tumors and arehard to kill with treatment.“Preventing the graying of hair is not our goal,?emphasizes Dav...

New research questions basic tenet of neuron function

...body transmit messages to one another via chemical signals called neurotransmitters. Within neurons are tiny organelles called synaptic vesicles that sequester neurotransmitters and release them when needed into the synapse, or space between nerve cells, where the chemical signal is transmitted to other neur...

Elephants imitate truck noises, other animals

...ion system in which animals and humans develop new signals with shared associations. Recent playback experime...ay use vocal learning to develop new communication signals for maintaining complex individual-specific social relationships, study co-author Peter Tyack of WHO...

Study shows nanoshells ideal as chemical nanosensors

...d metallic surfaces could enhance Raman scattering signals byfactors of 1 million, this "surface-enhancement" effect has beendifficult to control, predict, and reproduce for practical sensingapplications. Now, Rice researchers have shown that nanoshells canprovide large, clean, reproducible enhancements of t...

Elephants imitate sounds as a form of social communication

...ion system in which animals and humans develop new signals with shared associations. Recent playback experime...ay use vocal learning to develop new communication signals for maintaining complex individual-specific social relationships, study co-author Peter Tyack of WHO...

Studies reveal methods viruses use to sidestep immune system

...rotein made by the gene is essential to turning on signals that tell the cell to mount an immune response. Ce...I then changes its shape, which sends a cascade of signals to other proteins to activate a transcription factor called interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3). ...

Beyond lithium for bipolar disorder

...its cellular function in sensing external chemical signals is unknown. The researchers also found that the gene called AD-CYAP1 was upregulated in the treated brain slices. This gene codes for a signaling molecule called PACAP in the brain and is known to be close to a chromosomal region that genetic studie...

Novel ultrafast laser detection of cancer cells also may improve understanding of stem cells

... associated with stem cells, and how these optical signals change as they differentiate into nerve, muscle, and other tissues. "At present, there's no rapid method for identifying the transitional states [of a stem cell] with the functional cell type it eventually becomes. That process is a mysterious sequen...

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