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Tag: "signal" at biology news

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

...st evidence that mutations within cancer cells can signal surrounding tissue cells to alter their molecular ...y found that this accelerated division triggered a signal to fibroblasts, connective cells in the surrounding supporting tissue, to grow and proliferate. The ...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...al tracer highly specific. "So, whenever we saw a signal from the conditional virus, we knew we were seeing connections to neurons expressing LHRH and nothing else," said Dulac. As a control, the researchers also used a "non-conditional" strain of pseudorabies virus that infected all types of neurons. The...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

... required for learning. "We think that this is the signal the worm is using to say 'I've gotten sick,'" Barg...erience intestinal damage, which sends a serotonin signal to the brain that triggers nausea. "People who are getting chemotherapy are told 'eat only bland foo...

A resetting signal keeps circadian rhythm on track in Drosophila fruit flies

...n Nature shows for the first time that a molecular signal maintains coherence among brain clock cells that r...r extended periods of time. This daily resetting signal flows from the morning to the evening cells and maintains a 12-hour difference between the timing of...

OHSU discovery sheds light into how stem cells become brain cells

...esearch shows us that in mice, Brg-1 is a critical signal that prevents stem cells from turning into neurons at the wrong time. However, since we can manipulate Brg1 expression in stem cells in culture, we now have a powerful way to generate neurons that could be used to replace cells lost in a variety of ...

Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation

...d largely by networks of genes and proteins called signal transduction pathways that receive signals from ou...ath as pattern formation proceeds. An important signal transduction pathway critical to early development of humans and animals involves the genes Sonic he...

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

...e existing literature indicated it is vital." The signal recognition particle, or SRP, pathway is a primary mechanism by which proteins are chaperoned from cellular assembly lines, where they are made, to the protective outer surface of the cells, where they are inserted. Without a steady infusion of prote...

New U. of Colorado at Boulder flu chip may help combat future epidemics, pandemics

...are now looking at ways to amplify the fluorescent signal after we capture the RNA on the microarray, which could shorten the identification time to just a couple of hours," he said. Rowlen said the Flu Chip could also play a significant role in alerting government officials to an "engineered" influenza vi...

The secret love life of plants

...rtly after the egg cell was fertilised, a positive signal was sent out to its environment, which appears to ...archers hope above all to find out how exactly the signal functions and what chemical reactions are behind it. "Explaining the mechanism behind double fertil...

Bird song changes sound alarm over habitat fragmentation

...common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat signal between males, which would explain why birds have evolved such complex song repertoires. The Dupont's lark is a rare and specialised steppe passerine, and its song unit is made up of up to 11 discrete sequences, each sequence being composed of up to...

Pregnancy drugs can affect grandkids

...common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat signal between males, which would explain why birds have evolved such complex song repertoires. The Dupont's lark is a rare and specialised steppe passerine, and its song unit is made up of up to 11 discrete sequences, each sequence being composed of up to...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...celled yeast to man; aberrations in those networks signal disease." Biological networks are typically conserved between species, meaning that often the same type of protein carries out the same type of function, whether it is in a yeast cell or a human cell. According to Snyder, these findings in yeast ar...

A biosensor layered like lasagna

...s connected to an electrode, the tube will carry a signal that corresponds precisely with the amount of glucose detected. The first polymer binds to the carbon nanotube. Enzymes are attracted to the polymer, leaving an outer layer for the next polymer of opposite charge to cling to, and so on. An individu...

Infection 'alarm' yields clues to immune system behavior

...vered that the cellular pathways that pick up this signal act like extremely sensitive radio receivers. They...t infection, involving only nearby cells. If TNF's signal was strong enough to set off an immune response involving the entire body, the result could be a hig...

Pain killer fights breast cancer by targeting key enzyme

...sues, breast cancer cells use a slightly different signal to indicate when it is time to make more aromatase. "The pathway leading the aromatase production in breast cancer cells seems to be unique to these diseased cells," Brueggemeier said. "It suggests that aromatase production in other tissues that rel...

Carnegie Mellon scientists show brain uses optimal code for sound

...s that our hearing is highly optimized in terms of signal coding--the process by which sounds are translated... as providing a predictive model to vastly improve signal processing for better quality compressed digital audio files and designing brain-like codes for coch...

UC Berkeley researchers create a biologically-inspired artificial compound eye

...end in a photoreceptor cell that transmits a light signal to the creature's optic nerve, Lee plans to couple his team's ommatidia with CCD photodiodes, the light-capturing units used in digital cameras and camcorders. He also has plans to link them to spectroscopes for chemical detection and analysis. "The...

Powerful new tool for studying brain development

...mRNA)--the decoded form of the gene--and release a signal that can be seen using a special microscope. Gene expression refers to the production of mRNA, which becomes the blueprint the cell uses to make the protein coded for by that gene. The BGEM links these images with the most up-to-date information on ...

Researchers get neurons and silicon talking

... silicon chip," says Vassanelli. Once there, that signal can be recorded using the chip's transistors. What's more, the neurons can also be stimulated through the capacitors. This is what enables the two-way communications. The project tested the device by stimulating the neurons and recording which ones ...

Great (taste) expectations: Study shows brain anticipates taste, shifts gears

...going MRI, for instance, was to be an anticipatory signal that a liquid subsequently dripped into the mouth would have a very bitter taste. A "zero "cue corresponded with a neutral taste, and a "plus sign" with a pleasant, sugary taste. The cues, according to Nitschke, were flashed to subjects just prior t...

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