signal 2 7

Tag: "signal" at biology news

Prostate cancer uses Wnt signaling proteins to promote growth of bone tumors

...itself in bone. By learning how DKK-1 blocks Wnt's signal to prostate cancer cells, they hope to learn how to control physical changes in bone that encourage the development of metastatic tumors. "Our goal is to find ways to manipulate this Wnt pathway to slow the growth of tumors in bone or decrease the t...

Scientists discover the molecular switch for nerve cells' insulating jelly rolls

... gene called neuregulin as the myelin signal. This signal directs Schwann cells, the nervous system's cellular architects, to build elaborate sheaths of myelin around the axons of nerve cells. Axons are the long cable-like arms of nerve cells that send messages to other cells. The construction of myelin she...

Cyberkinetics, Case to develop system to help restore extremity function

...nects the pedestal to a cart containing computers, signal processors and monitors that enable the study operators to determine how well study participants can control devices driven by their neural output ? that is, by thought alone. The ultimate goal of the BrainGate System development program is to create...

Fruit fly research set to revolutionize study of birth defects

...cted by MTX are involved in cell cycle regulation, signal transduction, transport, defense response, transcription, or various aspects of metabolism. "This study shows that MTX treatment has multiple targets," says Affleck. "And this provides us with a novel invertebrate model for the study of drugs that c...

Male elephants woo females with precise chemistry

...nging the message signals, and you end up having a signal that is essentially different," Greenwood added. "It's not just a single message." The research team analyzed secretion samples from six male elephants and found that the pheromone is first detectable in the late teens, with the quantity secreted ri...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

...his colleagues discovered that the T cell receptor signal is strongest when they are physically held in the outer ring of the bull's eye rather than the center. "We locked the receptors in the periphery and saw enhanced signaling over a prolonged period of time. It was quite a surprise," says Dr. Dustin. ...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...molecular biologists pinned down the identity of a signal that initiates the seasonal development of flowers. Other research focused on a gene involved in stimulating flowering, and another study highlighted a surprising cache of RNA. The Nature of Neutron Stars: In 2005, new instruments yielded vivid insi...

Max Planck researchers make a breakthrough in plant stem cell research

...vates various ARR genes, which break the cytokinin signal chain. Jan Lohmann explains that "WUSCHEL supports the cytokinin effect by stopping its negative feedback." That is also the reason for earlier observations, that Arabidopsis samples with defective WUSCHEL genes only develop very small meristems, and...

Envisat radar surveillance protects endangered prehistoric fish

...ke good radar reflectors, sending back distinctive signal echoes. Using the two spacecraft together means up... their metal surfaces and sharp angles have a high signal return, in contrast to that of the surrounding water. Envisat ASAR imagery is therefore being util...

Genetic defenders protect crops from fungal disease

...ork together in a complex inside the cell, and can signal infected cells to die. By sacrificing these fallen...e EDS1, PAD4, and SAG101 gene complex's ability to signal cell death is relatively well known to scientists. However, very little is known about how PEN2 beha...

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

...factory system. Pheromones are olfactory cues that signal the social and sexual status of individuals of a species, and their detection is a key step in regulating behaviors such as mating and aggression. The new study findings show, however, that male mice require intact functioning of the main olfactory ...

Rutgers researchers scientifically link dancing ability to mate quality

Dance has long been recognized as a signal of courtship in many animal species, including humans. Better dancers presumably attract more mates, or a more desirable mate. What's seemingly obvious in everyday life, however, has not always been rigorously verified by science. Now, a study by sc...

Blocking the nerve receptor EP1 in mouse models reduces brain damage caused by stroke

...inding activates the receptor, which transfers the signal into the cell to produce a specific response. COX inhibitors block the ability of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to make prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a hormonelike substance long linked to inflammation and other effects. The Hopkins study results ...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

...receptors in the mouth, which set off neurons that signal the antennal lobe of the central nervous system. F...researchers inferred that hug levels do not solely signal internal energy requirements but respond to internal and external signals carrying information about...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...g pathway from functioning correctly. In ALPS, the signal pathway interrupted by PLAD leads to disease symptoms. But, the scientists reasoned, PLAD might also be able to block a related cell surface receptor ?one involved in passing signals that lead to inflammation. In theory, inhibiting this pathway might...

Clocking in Pillow Time without the Pillow

...ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of th...insight into CX717's neurobiological role. The PET signal reflected the distribution and rate of metabolism of ingested radioactively labeled glucose in the m...

Noise And Delays Explain Why Some Genes Oscillate In Activity

...ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of th...insight into CX717's neurobiological role. The PET signal reflected the distribution and rate of metabolism of ingested radioactively labeled glucose in the m...

Limiting the damage in stroke

...nterotondo, Italy, have discovered that a specific signal within brain cells may determine whether they live...e heads of the project. "If that was the case, the signal could certainly be playing a role in the death of neurons after stroke and other types of brain dama...

Image of myosin-actin interaction revealed in cover story of Molecular Cell

...n V is also involved in transporting proteins that signal and communicate with other cells. Myosin V has a two-chained "tail" that diverges to form two "heads" that bind to specific grooves on actin and walk hand over hand along the track, similar to the way a child moves along the monkey bars in a playgr...

Greasing interferon's gears may pave way to greater therapeutic benefits, fewer side effects

...ron signal, essentially raising the speed limit on signal transmission. "Ordinarily, the interferon signaling system's rate may be slowed because this helper protein interacts with Stat1 at less than the maximum amount," Holtzman says. "It's possible that the maximal setting would be harmful in the long t...

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