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Tag: "shutting" at biology news

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

...rved cellspreserve the little iron they possess by shutting down the major ironusers in order to maintain the cell's essential functions, said DennisJ. Thiele, Ph.D., professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology at Duke.He said their discovery could aid in the diagnosis and ultimately thetreatment of serious ...

Study finds more than one-third of human genome regulated by RNA

...known as RNAinterference, or RNAi, researchers are shutting off genes by deliveringinto cells artificial microRNA-like molecules called siRNAs. RNAi hasalready transformed how many labs are investigating gene functions, andsiRNAs are being developed for clinical applications. Learning moreabout how microRNAs ...

NYU researchers simulate molecular biological clock

...known as RNAinterference, or RNAi, researchers are shutting off genes by deliveringinto cells artificial microRNA-like molecules called siRNAs. RNAi hasalready transformed how many labs are investigating gene functions, andsiRNAs are being developed for clinical applications. Learning moreabout how microRNAs ...

U-M scientists find genes that control growth of common skin cancer

...prised to see that sometumor cells persisted after shutting down Gli2 expression,?saidDlugosz.In some of the regressed tumors Gli2 reactivation leads to resumptionof BCC tumor growth, suggesting that the residual cell populations mayrepresent BCC tumor stem cells, but Dlugosz cautions that there is asyet no d...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

... bind to the complementary messenger RNA segments, shutting down gene expression. RNAi occurs naturally in plants and animals and may help control resistance to viral infection, among other functions. For the current study, lead author John Kim, PhD, and his colleagues developed a strain of C. elegans into w...

Insight into natural cholesterol control suggests novel cholesterol-lowering therapy

...n that cells respond to a high cholesterol diet by shutting down its internal synthesis, he explained. However, the molecular mechanisms by which cholesterol and other related compounds exert that self-control have only more recently begun to emerge. The researchers now demonstrate that lanosterol--an interm...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

... bind to the complementary messenger RNA segments, shutting down gene expression. RNAi occurs naturally in plants and animals and may help control resistance to viral infection, among other functions. For the current study, lead author John Kim, PhD, and his colleagues developed a strain of C. elegans into w...

Shutting down the HIV assembly line

...uld lead to new drugs that combat HIV infection by shutting down the virus's assembly lines. For several years, Paul W. Spearman, M.D., associate professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, and colleagues have been studying the assembly of HIV particles, specifically the distinct steps HIV str...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...emoving REST in three distinct phases, ending with shutting down the REST gene. "The cell gets rid of all the excess protein, kicks it off the DNA, then stomps on its head so it can't make RNA," Mandel said. "We can't detect REST in the terminally differentiated neuron." But some molecular partners of REST r...

Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk

...on, the PSP toxins can bind to the sodium channel, shutting down the nerve and leading to paralysis. The toxin acts like a cork in a bottle, preventing sodium ions from flowing through the membrane, says Connell. The mutation prevents the cork from sticking. "This is a very conservative mutation in the prot...

Unraveling a stomach cancer puzzle

...uld predict if the same thing, Stat3 hyperactivity shutting down TGF, happens in humans. So this is also the first time a connection between stomach cancer and this signaling pathway has been made." Team leader Dr. Matthias Ernst, also from LICR, says that these basic research findings may one day impact dir...

Two designer drugs hit same lung cancer target, but only one is effective

...gs' ability to cause a regression of the cancer by shutting down the abnormally active growth signal receptor, EGFR," says Janne. "If you want to choose a way of inhibiting the mutant EGFR receptor, you would pull Iressa and Tarceva off the shelf, not Erbitux." Iressa and Tarceva are known as small-molecule ...

Researchers discover how tumor suppressor gene works

...lly activated by exposure to ultraviolet light. By shutting down the enzymes, p16 keeps them from activating a huge complex of proteins, which, when active, attaches to chromosomes and turns on many genes that promote cell growth. The p16 gene works by producing a protein that attaches to the enzymes, preven...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...nvoking a large-scale immune response, effectively shutting them down. From their new understanding of how a tiny virus can gain control of the body's immune response, the scientists made an intuitive leap. In autoimmune diseases, the same T cells that play host to HIV viruses are overactive, mistakenly atta...

MicroRNAs have shaped the evolution of the majority of mammalian genes

...ce the quantity of protein a gene produces without shutting it off all together. "We think the microRNAs are sometimes having what you can call a dampening effect," says Bartel, who is also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and MIT professor of biology. "They appear to be helping cells achieve o...

Limiting the damage in stroke

...le at any time in neurons. "More common methods of shutting down a gene remove it from all tissues, for an ani...rch for treatments for this deadly disease. First, shutting down the IKK2 signal had beneficial effects even when it was done a few hours after the stroke. That...

Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors

...Sciences, shows that by activating "OFF" cells and shutting down "ON" cells in the ventromedial medulla (VMM) ?a small region in the brain stem ?animals provide themselves with a form of "eating-induced analgesia," allowing them to complete essential tasks even in a difficult situation. "Escaping pain and po...

Penn researchers study the use of ultrasound for treatment of cancer

... we saw that this new use had a profound effect on shutting down the blood flow to the tumor and reducing the growth of the tumor in mice," said Chandra Sehgal, PhD, Director of Ultrasound Research in the Department of Radiology at Penn and the study's principal investigator. "We wanted to study this use of ...

Plants, too, have ways to manage freeloaders

...and in enforcing good behavior. This could involve shutting down resources to nodules inhabited by poorly performing bacteria, or preventing the aging of nodules more effective at fixing nitrogen. In studies at the University of California's Bodega Marine Reserve, a 362-acre preserve located about 60 miles n...

Cloned stem cells prove identical to fertilized stem cells

...gg needs to reprogram the genome of the skin cell, shutting off genes specific for skin tissue and turning on genes needed for embryonic development, genes that are normally dormant in tissue-specific cells. In other words, the egg needs to erase all tissue-specific memories from the skin cell and revert it i...

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