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Tag: "short" at biology news

Researchers use 'trickery' to create immune response against melanoma

...Nucleic acid ligands (referred to as aptamers) are short DNA or RNA fragments that can bind to target antigens with high specificity and affinity; analogous to monoclonal antibodies. In the field of cancer nanotechnology, aptamers have the potential to act as targeting molecules - directing the delivery of...

Engineers discover why toucan beaks are models of lightweight strength

...ding themselves. Bird beaks are typically either short and thick or long and thin. The Meyers team decided to prospect for a novel material in toucan beaks because they are both long and thick. Emerald Forest Bird Gardens, a California breeder of exotic birds, provided beaks from toucans that had died fr...

Bird song changes sound alarm over habitat fragmentation

...cting the effects of fragmentation over relatively short times and before other indicators - such as genetic markers - show any change," they say. Sharing song types - when a male replies to a rival's song with the same song sequence - with neighbours is common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat ...

Pregnancy drugs can affect grandkids

...cting the effects of fragmentation over relatively short times and before other indicators - such as genetic markers - show any change," they say. Sharing song types - when a male replies to a rival's song with the same song sequence - with neighbours is common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat ...

Antibacterial coatings cut infection rates

...the wound and undergo replacement surgery within a short time after original implantation, causing significant trauma, especially for the elderly," Professor Griesser said. Catheters can also be a source of bacterial infections, which can spread from the skin to the incision for catheter insertion, and ha...

HIV accessory protein disables host immunity via receptor-protein intermediary

...er this question, the researchers used an siRNA, a short sequence of RNA used to silence gene expression, to completely destroy expression of the glucocorticoid receptor protein. When the researchers kept the glucocorticoid receptor protein from being made, Vpr did not kill host cells. "This indicated th...

Whole-genome study at Johns Hopkins reveals a new gene associated with abnormal heart rhythm

...f evidence out there that having a too long or too short QT interval is a risk factor for sudden cardiac de...first focused on people who have extremely long or short QT intervals. The researchers used subjects from two population-based studies, about 1800 American a...

Sweetgum tree could help lessen shortage of bird flu drug

...drug against bird flu ?a drug that is currently in short supply worldwide, researchers say. Chemists have found that the seeds of the sweetgum fruit contain significant amounts of shikimic acid, the starting material used to produce the main antiviral agent in a much-heralded drug for fighting bird flu. T...

Gene needed for butterfly transformation also key for insects like grasshoppers

... restricting the expression of the broad gene to a short but intense period of change at the transition from larva to pupa." Normally an insect like the grasshopper that does not undergo complete metamorphosis goes through subtle physical changes during each of its nymphal stages as it progresses to adult...

Researchers reverse juvenile diabetes in animal model

...Symptoms of type 1 diabetes usually develop over a short period of time and include increased thirst, frequent urination, constant hunger, weight loss, blurred vision and extreme fatigue. People with type 1 diabetes require numerous daily injections of insulin to survive. About Dr. Trucco Massimo Truc...

Sustainable farm practices improve Third World food production

...out 800 million people in the developing world are short of food and agriculturally driven environmental damage threatens to worsen the problem. "Although it is uncertain whether these approaches can meet future food needs, there are grounds for cautious optimism, particularly as poor farm households benef...

A link is found between morphine addiction and the tendency to explore

...became disinterested in the new situation within a short amount of time. This was done by placing them in a circular corridor they had never seen before and observing their behaviour. Only the persevering animals that persistently explored their new environment had a preference for being administered morph...

Evidence for omega 3 fats less conclusive than we thought, say experts

... studies) to assess the health effects of long and short chain omega 3 fats on total mortality, cardiovascu...onclude that it is not clear whether long chain or short chain omega 3 fats (together or separately) reduce or increase total mortality, cardiovascular event...

Natural selection at single gene demonstrated

...iants through a comparison of 96 plants over 1,102 short fragments of the genome. Each variant was assigned a score based on the similarity of two plants around the FRI gene relative to their similarity at other regions in the genome. The higher the score, the less likely it is that a variant could have...

World faces challenge as life expectancies lengthen, scientist says

...current forecasts for dependency ratios could fall short by a factor of two--meaning that in America, the ratio will actually quadruple to 4:5. "It's staggering to think about the fiscal effects of this," he said. Inequality The situation is equally troubling on a global scale. While science may be on...

Mice studies illustrate potential of chimp/human antibodies to protect against smallpox

...ized with the smallpox vaccine. However, VIG is in short supply since the United States discontinued its public smallpox vaccination program in 1972. NIAID-funded researchers have been working to develop alternatives to VIG based on antibodies they created in the laboratory. The study appearing online thi...

Mechanism for memory revealed in neurons of electric fish

... we know those are activated. The mystery is how a short stimulus leads to such a long-lasting activation of the TRP receptor." ...

How the brain learns to become addicted

... Antonello Bonci and colleagues established that a short protein, or peptide, called orexin A acts on a brain region central to the adaptation to addictive drugs. Specifically, they found in their studies with rats that orexin A induces an adaptation that is necessary for the development of behaviors assoc...

Scientists design potent anthrax toxin inhibitor

...nts, the inhibitor, which is covered with multiple short proteins (peptides), was 10,000 times more potent than unattached peptides. "If the effectiveness of anthrax inhibitors designed in this fashion is confirmed by additional testing, they could one day be important adjuncts to standard antibiotic ther...

Powerful technique for multiplying adult stem cells may aid therapies

...tual number of stem cells from a donor often falls short of the number needed to adequately treat the patient. This technique could directly address this problem. Gene therapy is another area where these findings can be of immediate value, Lodish says. With gene therapy, a genetic defect is corrected...

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