short 2 4

Tag: "short" at biology news

$6.5 Million Grant for Microarray Center at Yale School of Medicine

...e've shown that it acts by signaling cells to form short rather than long branches," says Martienssen, who was joined in the study by lead author Dr. Erik Vollbrecht, now at Iowa State University. Says Vollbrecht, "We solved this enduring puzzle by combining classical and modern molecular genetics. The fo...

Fluorescing lab worms signal longer life spans

...umatic device that separates them into groups with short pulses of air was used during the study. One of only six such instruments in the United States, the machine can sort about 30 worms per second, Johnson said. Genetic testing on both the bright and dim worms revealed that the levels of the green fluo...

Scientists find microRNAs regulate plant development

...ulatory genes that mediate auxin responses contain short stretches of sequence that are complementary to microRNAs, and therefore have been considered potential targets of microRNA-mediated regulation. One of these targets is the transcription factor AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR17 (ARF17), which is thought to rep...

Human embryonic stem cells have the potential to develop into eggs and sperm in the laboratory

...conducive for sperm and egg development in quite a short time in culture." Speaking before the conference, Prof Moore said: "One of the reasons for doing this research is that it may allow us to investigate the very earliest processes of how a human gamete and gonad (ovary and testis) develops. Many scien...

New protein vital for immune response is found in surprise location

...cells could not produce the MAVS protein, which is short for Mitochondrial Anti-Viral Signaling protein. Without MAVS, the cells were highly vulnerable to infection with two common viruses in a class called RNA viruses Other RNA viruses include hepatitis C, West Nile, SARS and the flu viruses. Cells alte...

'Punctuated' evolution in the human genome

... a 700-kilobase (Kb) pericentromeric region on the short arm of human chromosome 2. This chromosome has intrigued evolutionary and primate biologists for years because it appears to have formed from the fusion of two mid-sized ape chromosomes, and it is the primary cytogenetic distinction separating humans...

Snapin: A protein with therapy potential for autism

... Firestein likens nerve cells to trees -- some are short and bushy with many branches while others are tall with a few branches coming out of one or two main trunks. Different branching patterns correlate with specific disorders and Firestein's quest is to discover how these dissimilar patterns come about ...

Micro-molecule plays big role in birth defects

...ught to be little more than cellular debris, these short strands of RNA may perform a vital role in healthy development by strategically turning off gene activity. By genetically modifying mice, scientists with the UF Genetics Institute were able to get the first-ever picture of how limbs would develop in...

New Scripps Oceanography project to study sediments and ecosystem restoration in Venice lagoon

...researchers will conduct assessments by extracting short and long sediment cores, which will be analyzed for geochemical and biological parameters. Deheyn says that such an analysis is a fundamental precaution. "In SIOSED we will be extracting cores about two meters deep, and that could take us several ce...

Lance Armstrong through a physiological lens: hard training boosts muscle power 8%

...icance of the physiological adaptations induced by short sprint interval training." The study, "Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans," by Kirsten A. Burgomaster, Scott C. Hughes, George J.F. Heigenhauser, Suzanne N. Bradwell a...

Hybrid grass may prove to be valuable fuel source

...y would not necessarily reduce energy costs in the short term, Heaton said, but there would be significant savings in carbon dioxide production. The Illinois Miscanthus crop began three years ago when Heaton planted 400 Miscanthus rhizomes, which were generated from three rhizomes donated by the Turfgrass...

Tagging pathogens with synthetic DNA 'barcodes'

... they call "dendimer-like DNA," consisting of many short Y-shaped strands of DNA linked together in a treel...ead of a genetic material." By synthesizing three short strands of DNA, each of which is complementary to one of the others along half its length, the resea...

Rodent social behavior encoded in junk DNA

...ersion of the microsatellites and the other with a short version. Adult male offspring with the long version had more vasopressin receptors in brain areas involved in social behavior and parenting (olfactory bulb and lateral septum). They also checked out female odors and greeted strangers more readily and...

Genetically engineered animals help in scientific research that may benefit children

...s animal model has the advantage of mimicking in a short time the different stages of chronic kidney disease. The combination of genetically engineered animals and this animal model has helped us to decide which molecules to study, or which might be interesting targets for drug development in human chronic...

Targeting a key enzyme with gene therapy reversed course of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models

...SD, resorted to small biological molecules, called short interfering RNA, or siRNA, which derail the process of translating genes into proteins. They work like a dimmer switch, reducing the amount of available gene product, in this case the enzyme BACE1. A modified lentivirus, which has been developed in ...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

...valent to four or five city blocks. That's nothing short of amazing," remarked Dr. Salter, associate professor of immunology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The authors are the first to explain the function of tunneling nanotubules, structures that were first described in fruit flies i...

Huntington's cure in flies lays groundwork for broader treatment approaches

...ve condition. Forms of the same proteins-known in short form as CREB and HSP-70--exist in all cells, including those of humans. The study results, published online today by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, were a "logical finding" because of a growing body of work in the area, says se...

'Gadonanotubes' greatly outperform existing MRI contrast agents

...explain how they work." Wilson and colleagues use short segments of nanotubes, tiny cylinders of pure carbon about one billionth of a meter, or one nanometer, in diameter. That's about as wide as a strand of DNA. The ultrashort segments are only about 20-100 times longer than they are wide, and once insid...

Computers close in on protein structure prediction

... study, a sophisticated computer program folded 17 short strings of amino acids into 100,000 possible variations. When the researchers compared the best predictions to the actual structures solved earlier by other scientists using experimental techniques, they had the same success rate as the best hitters ...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...ers suspected that FP, which is only exposed for a short period during this process, may have enough time to affect the immune response as well. Indeed, they found that FP locks on to several proteins on the cell walls that are involved in invoking a large-scale immune response, effectively shutting them d...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10