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Tag: "short" at biology news

Cincinnati surgeons report new treatment for often-fatal injury

...the abdomen, Dr. Giglia explains, but they are too short to fully bridge the damaged area in the chest. "Used alone, extender cuffs are hard to align and often slip into the defect to cause further complications," says Dr. Giglia. "Using a fixed stent provides an easy-to-see 'scaffolding' that can guide ...

In a technical tour de force, Salk scientists take a global view of the epigenome

...ch microarray or DNA chip is dotted with 6 million short DNA fragments that span the Arabidopsis genome like floor tiles. The researchers first isolated all methylated DNA from plant cells and located where those fragments fell on the array. Then they determined which genes were active and which ones weren...

In-home sensors spot dementia signs in elderly

...re measuring a person's activity many times over a short period, we can understand their normal variability and identify trends. If there's a change over a period, you can see it quickly. " Mild cognitive impairment is a known risk factor for dementia, a neurological disorder most commonly caused by Alzh...

Study finds how organs monitor themselves during early development

...s. Studying a model organism like the fly with its short generation time and ease of handling allows us to address even complicated matters like the development of an organ in a timely and less costly manner than if we used other model organisms such as the mouse, where similar studies would be quite diffi...

Revolution in the fight against cancer & viruses

...lliams. "We've exploited this process by creating short interfering RNA, or siRNA, that are being developed into drugs to fight viruses and cancer," he said. "We've now taken this a step further and worked out how we can create siRNA with different cellular properties to target different diseases." While...

Newly identified protein complex sheds light on axon growth mechanism

...ry for axon growth and new synapse formation. The short coiled-coil domain-containing protein UNC-69 cooperates with UNC-76 to regulate axonal outgrowth and normal presynaptic organization in Caenorhabditis elegans Cheng-Wen Su, Suzanne Tharin, Yishi Jin, Bruce Wightman, Mona Spector, David Meili, Nancy T...

Unusual mechanism keeps repair protein accurate

..., regions three and four. When they tested this short version of the protein, however, they found that it made up to a 100 times more mistakes than did the similar repair protein, DNA polymerase beta. "That error rate is too high," Suo says. "If the entire repair protein produced that many errors, it...

Cell phone emissions excite the brain cortex

...acortical excitability was significantly modified, short intracortical inhibition was reduced and facilitation enhanced," the authors report. They found that the effects of the EMF were transient and the subjects' brains tended to return toward baseline conditions one hour after the exposure. It would be...

Insect predation sheds light on food web recovery after the dinosaur extinction

...at -- plant species proliferated and thrived for a short time. At Mexican Hat, 16 species of mostly thin-leaved, poorly defended, typical Paleocene plants temporarily became the hosts to diverse swarms of insects that then disappeared. This decoupling of producer and consumer diversity after mass extinc...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...e control, the research team designed a simple and short task. Fourteen healthy human subjects were asked to hold onto a robot-controlled joystick and keep it from moving as the robot driver pushed repeatedly - in quick pulses - to one side. The joystick then pushed repeatedly in the opposite direction and...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...e control, the research team designed a simple and short task. Fourteen healthy human subjects were asked to hold onto a robot-controlled joystick and keep it from moving as the robot driver pushed repeatedly - in quick pulses - to one side. The joystick then pushed repeatedly in the opposite direction and...

NASA technology helping injured US troops

...created and patented the technology, consisting of short segments of flexible cable that connect to hardware, all of which allows joint-like, multidirectional movement and shock absorption. Allen Crane and Wayne Eklund teamed with Kerley in the 1990s to incorporate this "cable-compliant" system into a pate...

MIT 'seeing machine' offers hope to blind

...e, she developed a "visual language" consisting of short words that incorporate graphics and symbols that convey the meaning of words and make them easier to see and read. But although the SLO held promise as more than a diagnostic device, it had serious drawbacks. In addition to the prohibitive cost, th...

BGSU biologist trying to crack microscopic code

...f the roses but lets the butterflies through." A short distance separates the outer membrane and the rest of the organism. How the bacteria maintain their barrier when it's physically removed from the rest of the cell, and thus separated from its energy source, is where his interest lies. "The barrier ...

Scientists discover a genetic code for organizing DNA within the nucleus

...y irrelevant sites along the genomic sequence? The short binding sites themselves do not contain enough information for the transcription factors to discern between them. The scientists showed that basic information on the functional relevance of a binding site is at least partially encoded in the nucleoso...

Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility

...s, it could go to human trials within a relatively short time. His next step is a neural bridge that would help quadriplegics, who are unable to breathe without assistance, move their diaphragms on their own. In future animal studies he plans to undertake nerve grafts from the leg to bridge the area ...

When the going gets tough, slime molds start synthesizing

...lium synthesizes the chemical signal called DIF-1, short for Differentiation Inducing Factor, required for this developmental transformation. The collaboration, explains co-senior author Joe Noel, Ph.D, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Salk, "shows the power of a combined approach involv...

Fatty spheres loaded with siRNA shrink ovarian cancer tumors in preclinical trial

...journal, demonstrates a potent delivery system for short interfering RNA (siRNA) to attack cancer, says senior author Anil Sood, M.D., associate professor in the Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology at M. D. Anderson. "Short interfering RNA is a great technology we can use to silence g...

Discovery of agile molecular motors could aid in treating motor neuron diseases

... termed myosin V, moves cargo with a variable path short distances along another type of cellular track called actin. This flexibility could help myosin V navigate crowded regions of the cell where the actin filaments criss-cross and where other cellular components would otherwise pose an impediment to mot...

UN review shows need to halt destructive fishing practice

...total destruction of deep sea habitats for limited short term rewards is inexcusable," said Rodriguez, now regional vice president and director of CI's Mexico and Central America program. "Proactive steps, specifically in the form of a moratorium, must be taken to control the impacts of high seas bottom tr...

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