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Tag: "serve" at biology news

The diversity of marine life in the Gulf of Maine region is much greater than previously thought

... to temperate conditions, it and its creatures may serve as a sentinel for climate change. And, by providing a more complete picture of the marine web of life, it is another step toward managing the Gulf of Maine as an ecosystem ?one of the primary goals of fisheries laws in the U.S. and Canada and of rece...

Evolution follows few of the possible paths to antibiotic resistance

...e enzyme beta-lactamase, which in altered form can serve to inactivate antibiotics including penicillin and cefotaxime. Analyzing how well each variant protected host Escherichia coli cells against treatment with various concentrations of antibiotic, the scientists found that only a very small fraction of ...

Genome changes tracked during multiple myeloma initiation, progression and treatment

...he human cancer genome project, their results will serve to direct costly sequencing efforts toward those specific regions that contain genes displaying high pathogenic relevance. "This story clearly indicates that we are dealing with the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the universe of cancer genes," s...

Chemical signaling helps regulate sensory map formation in the brain

...nals, probably present in concentration gradients, serve as positional landmarks within the brain. Theses landmarks are then recognized by growth cones at the tip of axons ?the projections that grow out from the retinal neurons and into the brain. The wandering axons use these signals to locate their desti...

New vaccine for condition that kills 500,000 children a year

...an 60,000 infants. In 2000, Merck asked Matson to serve as the U.S. principal investigator in a clinical trial of RotaTeq, a vaccine under development. RotaTeq targets five major strains of rotavirus, which account for 90 percent of rotavirus disease. The trial involved infants in the United States, Bel...

Molecular force field helps cancer cells defend against attack

...to the growth of channels in the lymph system that serve as cellular superhighways for cancer spread and is found in breast, colon and thyroid tumors. Cance and colleagues were the first to pull FAK out of human tumors and to show that human cancers make the molecule in large quantities. In 1996, the team...

Markers of gene, protein, or micro-RNA activity predict outcome in prostate and colorectal cancers

...an important role in cancer development, and could serve as targets for novel anti-cancer drugs. To discover which miRNAs are expressed in colon cancer, compared to normal colon tissue, researchers at Thomas Jefferson University used a microarray chip containing probes for most of the known miRNAs in hum...

AIDS-related cognitive impairment exists in two separate forms

...an important role in cancer development, and could serve as targets for novel anti-cancer drugs. To discover which miRNAs are expressed in colon cancer, compared to normal colon tissue, researchers at Thomas Jefferson University used a microarray chip containing probes for most of the known miRNAs in hum...

Biomarkers may hone anti-aging therapies

...at is distinct from the DNA in the cell's nucleus, serve as the "power plants" of the cell. They manufacture energy in the form of the molecule ATP. Energy generation includes, as a byproduct, the production of reactive oxygen species, which can damage the DNA present in mitochondria, Sligh said. Some the...

Avian flu modeled on supercomputer, explores vaccine and isolation options for thwarting a pandemic

...more throws of the virtual dice. "Computer models serve as virtual laboratories where researchers can study how infectious diseases might spread and what intervention strategies may lessen the impact of a real outbreak," said Jeremy M. Berg, director of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. ...

Role of protein in immune response may aid HIV research

A family of proteins that serve as the body's first line of defense against bacterial infections may provide a lifeline for individuals with compromised immune systems, according to researchers at the Indiana University School of Medicine ?Northwest. In the July 28 issue of the J...

Silence of the amoebae

...n to test the ability of these silenced amoebae to serve as a live vaccine by evoking an intestinal immune response. If successful, it may put an end to amoebic diseases that claim the lives of thousands yearly and afflict millions more....

DNA: Bacteria's survival ration

...dsight, it should come as no surprise that DNA can serve as a meal for microbes. "You're surrounded by living things, and living things die," Finkel said. "Where does all that stuff go? Why aren't we up to our ears in DNA, in ribosomes, in plant protein? "A lot of decay is microbial, and nobody ever thin...

Sandia work launched on space shuttle shows live cells influence growth of nanostructures

...rinker. Groups of such long-lived cells may also serve as models to investigate how tuberculosis bacteria...d the ability of the lipid-silica nanostructure to serve as a reservoir for water, no cracking or shrinkage is observed. The cells are maintained in the nece...

UT Southwestern researchers find gene mutation that leads to 'broken hearts'

...ity of genes that can cause heart defects and also serve as a step in developing genetic screening for such defects, Dr. Olson said. "It was very interesting because so little is known about how the heart forms and we did not anticipate that the same enzymes involved in cholesterol and lipid synthesis mi...

Possible birthplace of malignant brain tumors identified

... PDGF. Neural stem cells are immature cells that serve as the continual source of new brain cells in adults, and PDGF is known as an important regulator of such cells. Also, PDGF has been implicated as a key signaling molecule underlying the formation of brain tumors. PDGF triggers such cell response by ...

Heart has enough oxygen to survive hypothermia, CPR crucial

... being swept out to sea on a cold current. Rats serve as model "In this study, we wanted to find out if there are problems with low blood pressure, low pulse, low cardiac output (the volume of blood the heart can pump per minute), or with oxygen transport to the cells," Tveita said. In particular, th...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

... as sea salt and desert dust. These tiny particles serve as the seeds around which water vapor in the air condenses, forming tiny water droplets that rise as they release heat. As the small droplets rise, they collide and merge with larger droplets. When the droplets reach a critical size, gravity takes ov...

Fatty spheres loaded with siRNA shrink ovarian cancer tumors in preclinical trial

...nd 125 nanometers in diameter. Blood vessels that serve tumors are more porous than normal blood vessels, with pores of 100 to 780 nanometers wide. Normal blood vessel pores are 2 nanometers or less in diameter. Second, the liposome -- a commercially available version known as DOPC -- has no electrical...

Study identifies new role for breast cancer susceptibility gene

...0% of hereditary breast cancers. BRCA1 is known to serve as a tumor suppressor by regulating DNA damage repair and maintaining genomic stability. Although the mechanism is not fully understood, reduced BRCA1 expression is also often correlated with accelerated growth and progression of breast tumors and wi...

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