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Tag: "sense" at biology news

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...er how important it is to the animal to be able to sense pheromones. The redundancy might guard against the loss of a pheromone receptor from either the VNO or the olfactory epithelium causing a devastating loss of pheromone detection." The studies showed that the odor of clean bedding also activated some...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

... which was presumed to be mostly involved with the sense of smell, plays a critical role in pheromone detec... the pheromone sensory system is distinct from the sense of smell, as are the chemical receptors involved. In animals possessing a pheromone sensory system -...

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

...uable clues for understanding -- in a more general sense -- the evolution of intelligent life." Walker, a paleoanthropologist and Evan Pugh Professor of Biological Anthropology and Biology at Penn State, has discovered and studied fossil hominids and other primate species that pertain to the question of t...

Key brain regulatory gene shows evolution in humans

...n the brain," said Wray. "These include a person's sense of how well they feel about themselves, their memory and their perception of pain. And it's known that people who don't make enough of prodynorphin are vulnerable to drug addiction, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and a form of epilepsy. So, we reas...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

...rain ?including those involved with memory and the sense of smell ?well into adulthood. Very recent work, in particular a number of studies from the MGH-HMS CNSR team, shows that neural precursors/stem cells can be induced to form some of the much more complex neurons in the cerebral cortex, the brain's hi...

Novel protein complex enables survival in hostile environment

...nd reaction rates it is clear that the enzyme will sense even a minute amount of sulfite and will neutralize even a large amount of sulfite very quickly. These properties suited the need of the ancient methanogens when oxygen appeared on earth," Mukhopadhyay said. "But, why did the organism have this enzym...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

For plants, the ability to accurately sense light governs everything from seed germination, ph...able them to switch between two stable states that sense red and far-red light. The light is actually detected by a specialized pigment that sits within a po...

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

...ues from the olfactory system--which regulates the sense of smell--should provide insight into the fundamental principles that mammalian brains use to transform sensory information into behavior," says lead investigator Nirao Shah, MD, PhD, UCSF assistant professor of anatomy. "There are striking genetic ...

Scientists determine structure of enzyme that disrupts bacterial virulence

...s by disrupting the ability of certain bacteria to sense their own population growth ?the key to triggering genes that can increase virulence. In order to sense the size of their own populations, certain bacteria produce small molecules called N-acyl homoserine...

Cyberkinetics, Case to develop system to help restore extremity function

... TM Neural Interface System (BrainGate System) to sense intended movement and generate command signals. The command signals would drive a hybrid FES-orthosis, an orthotic device for the upper limbs, designed to provide the user with thought-controlled arm and hand movement through the use of the patient's...

Student scientists create living bacterial photographs

...rk confines of the human gut and wouldn't normally sense light, so the students had to engineer the unicell... Dr. Chris Voigt, first engineered the bacteria to sense light by adding a light receptor protein from a photosynthetic blue-green algae to the E. coli cell ...

CO2 sensing proves critical for fungal pathogens to adapt to life in air and human hosts

...niversity, and their collaborators. How organisms sense and respond to CO2 at the cellular level is not fully understood, but it is of great importance in understanding the biology of microbes, plants, and animals alike. For example, CO2 levels govern the detection of prey by female mosquitoes, control re...

Sudden change in social status triggers genetic response in male fish, study finds

..., it may influence how well you can speak, or your sense of yourself may be altered. Those reactions have to have some kind of cellular underpinnings." The study also contributes to a growing body of scientific evidence that fish are more than mindless creatures that instinctively swim about in searc...

Mammalian Transcriptome Mapped

...stranded, only one of these strands, the so-called sense strand, encodes for proteins. In normal DNA transc...ion, the two strands are split apart, and only the sense strand is copied. The other DNA strand, the "antisense" strand, can also be transcribed into RNA. An...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...health and well-being, coupled with an exaggerated sense of the danger to their health from radiation exposure and a belief in a shorter life expectancy. Anxiety over the health effects of radiation shows no signs of diminishing and may even be spreading. Life expectancy has been declining across the forme...

Researchers learn how blood vessel cells cope with their pressure-packed job

..." said Chien. "We need to understand how cells can sense the mechanical force and achieve this beneficial effect through the activation of Rho, and we also need to identify other proteins that may be involved in this feedback control mechanism." ...

Anthrax stops body from fighting back, study shows

... roll around in the bloodvessels and whenever they sense bacteria, they gobble it up likePac-Man," said Russell During, a graduate student in the Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences who worked withSouthwick on the study. "If neutrophils are the first responders and they never get there, you're...

Researcher says flu responders can learn from 1918 epidemic

...espiratory distress syndrome, which replicated the sense of a chemical burn searing the lungs. "It wasn't always that quick, either," Higgins said. "And along the way, you had symptoms like fingers and genitals turning black, and people reporting being able to literally smell the body decaying before the ...

Researchers use brain scans to predict behavior

...s go together. When it works well, the world makes sense to you." Sapir noted that the reward systems' predictive abilities may be damaged or missing in some patients with mental illness, causing these patients to perceive the world as alien and unpredictable. Other areas involved in prediction include...

What Makes The Brain Tick, Tick, Tick: Researchers Gaining New Insights Into Brain's Internal Clock

...s, the interval timing clock is independent of any sense -- touch, sight, hearing, taste or smell. Thus, it cannot be localized in a discrete brain area, as can the circadian clock, which has clear inputs from the visual system and outputs that control the cyclic release of circadian hormones. "So, this p...

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