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Tag: "sends" at biology news

How to lose weight and not go hungry: HU researcher develops drug that mimics feeling of 'fullness'

...nication” occurs on a substantial level, the brain sends out a signal that one feels “full.” The young Hebrew university researchers developed a novel method for synthesizing a peptide (a peptide is a compound linking two or more amino acids) which can serve as an analog to the naturally occurring aMS...

Salty oceans provide early warning for climate change

...lt generates a pressure gradient in the ocean that sends energy to the north without water actually being transported,” explains Zahn. Regardless of whether ocean circulation speeds up or slows down it causes significant climate change, altering the hydrological cycle and affecting atmospheric circulat...

'Lucky 13' as new gene discovery offers further hope for childhood blindness

...ne end (the outer segment) which detects light and sends signals to the brain, a function requiring a large amount of energy. "LCA is usually a disease where protein function has been lost completely, but carriers of just one copy of the mutation, who will almost certainly have reduced protein levels, n...

Researchers examine carbon capture and storage to combat global warming

... from a mix of waste gases. The most common method sends the exhaust through a chimney containing a three-dimensional mesh. As the gas goes up, a chemical solvent drizzles down, soaking up the gas where the two substances meet. The carbon dioxide is then extracted from the liquid and compressed, now ready ...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

...he activation of the sensory neuron, which in turn sends a signal to the brain. The Patapoutian team’s results support the idea that activation of TRPM8 by temperature triggers cold sensation. "TRPM8 acts as a gate," says Dhaka, "At warm temperature it remains closed, but opens when exposed to cool tempera...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

...ain stem structure) that manufactures dopamine and sends out projections to the striate area. In order to implant dopaminergic cells in the brain, it is necessary to effect a trepanation through which the fragments from the carotid are injected into the striate area of the animal's brain. This work show...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...ignals that are integrated in the brain. Leptin sends signals to the brain about the body’s fat reserves, modifying appetite and energy expenditure accordingly. The arcuate nucleus in the brain’s hypothalamus, known as the ARH, is a major site of leptin sensing, harboring neurons that control appetite. ...

UCSD researchers discover variants of natural tumor suppressor

... loss of a brake to any of the three Akt pathways sends 'go, go, go' signals that promote the survival of tumor cells," said first author John Brognard. UCSD researchers had previously discovered that Akt is hyperactivated, or elevated, in most cancers and PHLPP provides a mechanism to reverse this acti...

New study may show how to forestall a fatal, virus-caused immune-system meltdown

...sease. All too often, a sudden immune overreaction sends the infected person into a shock-like state from which he or she may never recover. Now, researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) believe they’ve found a way to spot the biochemical profile of an inappropriate immu...

Microfluidic chip helps solve cellular mating puzzle

...ner picks up this "scent," it alters its shape and sends a projection toward the source of the pheromone, leading to a cellular merger. This mating process is regulated by proteins inside the cell called mitogen-activated protein kinases, or MAPKs, through a chain of chemical reactions. First, sensors o...

Scientists unravel clue in cortisol production

...es many reactions and begins when the hypothalamus sends a signal to the adrenal glands. Proteins then flood into the nucleus to bind to the DNA, creating the gene CYP 17. What happens next is well understood; CYP 17, along with a battery of other enzymes, transforms cholesterol into cortisol. But what isn...

Reversing cancer cells to normal cells

...odal, the presence of the Nodal and the signals it sends and receives appear to play a key role in tumor cell plasticity and progression. Most noteworthy, Dr. Hendrix’s team’s also has shown that inhibition of Nodal signaling leads to a reduction in melanoma cell invasiveness and ability to create new...

HIV dementia alarmingly high in Africa

...w the global reach of HIV dementia, but this study sends a clear message that it exists in high proportions in sub-Saharan Africa and is an under-recognized condition that needs to be studied and treated," Sacktor says. Of the estimated 40 million adults and children worldwide who are living with HIV in...

Signal protein shows promise for blocking tumor promoters in skin cells

...eykora. "If Srcasm is low, Fyn persists longer and sends more growth-promoting signals." Reversing Tumors Eventually, Srcasm might play a role in targeted gene therapies for cancers that are triggered by activated Src kinases. Such a therapy would likely use an adenovirus to carry a gene that codes fo...

Why don't all moles progress to melanoma?

... or even kill the cell. To prevent this, the ER sends out distress signals to activate what scientists call the unfolded protein response (UPR). This slows the protein production process and gets rid of excess incoming amino acids, giving the ER a chance to catch up. If that doesn't work, the UPR causes...

Train your brain to hear your friends at a party

... detect the increase in light levels and the brain sends a message to the eye to tell it to contract the pupil and let in less light. This is a feedback system where the brain is getting information from the eye about its surroundings, processing that information, and sending messages back to the eye to he...

Research holds promise for herpes vaccine

.... A cell infected with the herpes simplex virus sends a warning to neighboring cells. This warning -- an interferon response -- causes neighboring cells to enter "an anti-viral state" akin to putting on a suit of armor, Halford said. However, herpes produces a protein, ICP0, that tricks every infected...

Researchers barcode DNA of Venice museum's vast fungi collection

...arbelotto's lab, to process the samples Garbelotto sends from Italy. "This will be important for people who study the evolutionary characteristics of fungi," said Bergemann. "They'll be able to use our database for cross comparisons. It's also useful for people who study species distribution. For exampl...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...exception. When humans injure a muscle, the muscle sends a signal to special cells attached to the muscle fibers, telling these cells to grow and join to adjacent muscle fiber to repair the injury. There is also an application to fish farming. “If we understood how fish grow, we could figure out strategi...

Molecular 'on/off switch' controls immune defenses against viruses

...enetic material. Then, RIG-I changes its shape and sends signals to other proteins that spur production of interferon, a molecule that stops viral replication. The researchers also found that the virus launches a counterattack on RIG-I, producing a protein called a protease to disrupt the signaling process...

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