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Tag: "secrete" at biology news

A gene's first 'kiss' sets off that affair known as puberty

...ch secretion, the pituitary gland is stimulated to secrete its own messengers, lutenizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), directly into the circulation. In turn, these rising levels of LH and FSH cause the testes and ovaries to produce the sex hormones testosterone and estradiol, the cul...

Bioartificial kidney under study at MCG

...ey function, " says Dr. Szerlip. The kidneys also secrete hormones, help determine how the body metabolizes calcium and phosphorus, stimulate red blood cell production, play a role in blood pressure regulation and clear and metabolize cytokines that help direct the immune system. The new device for kidney ...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

... nutrition impairs the pancreas's ability to later secrete enough insulin in response to blood glucose. "The...ing to glucose. "They were somehow 'programmed' to secrete a limited amount of insulin later in life, no matter what signal they got from glucose," Dr. Patti s...

Programmable cells: Engineer turns bacteria into living computers

... Weiss' eventual goals, which is to have the cells secrete materials that build physical devices such as antennas or transmitters in places that are hard for humans to reach. Programmed cells also could be used to control the repair or construction of tissues within the body, possibly guiding stem cells to t...

Gene Signatures Predict Interferon Response For Multiple Sclerosis Patients

... gene expression profiles. Immune cells typically secrete interferons to fend off viruses and other pathogens. Interferons stem viral infection by inhibiting cell division in neighboring cells—thus preventing the virus from reproducing—and triggering pathways that kill the infected cells. It's thought that ...

Multi-purpose protein regulates new protein synthesis and immune cell development

... in the UPR signaling pathway and directs cells to secrete large amounts of protein. The University of Michig...nto antibody-generating plasma cells. Plasma cells secrete large amounts of protein antibodies into the bloodstream. Antibodies lock on to antigens ?substances...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

...mation in memory. When neurons are activated, they secrete glutamate, and we could see this activity under th...change. We stimulated the neurons and watched them secrete glutamate in response. We also saw the removal of the glutamate as the neurons returned to normal re...

Roots Engage in Underground Chemical Warfare

...sical support and taking in nutrients, plant roots secrete a wide variety of compounds that affect other nearby roots, as well as insects and microbes. But because it goes on unseen, bactericidal root activity has not been extensively investigated—until now. Using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a rela...

Researchers reveal secrets of flying snakes

...icially are classified as harmless. Flying snakes secrete mild venom that is only dangerous to their small prey. They are diurnal and opistoglyphous, or rear-fanged. These back teeth measure only 2 to 3 millimeters long and each has a small groove that runs along the fang's outer edge, where the venom drips...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

... a host's immune system. It can repel antibiotics, secrete toxins similar to those used by anthrax, latch onto the bowel wall, bore its way through, and flow into the blood stream. As a consequence, patients with widespread Pseudomonas infection often die within a few days. Alverdy and colleagues were able ...

Enzyme's newly discovered role may make it target for arthritis treatment

...he ability of immune cells known as neutrophils to secrete chemicals that attract other immune cells and star...st at sites of injury, infection or irritation and secrete chemicals that bring in secondary waves of other immune attack cells. "The contributions of the neu...

Study finds adult stem cells can replicate

...he ability of immune cells known as neutrophils to secrete chemicals that attract other immune cells and star...st at sites of injury, infection or irritation and secrete chemicals that bring in secondary waves of other immune attack cells. "The contributions of the neu...

Study: Well-known protein helps stem cells become secretory cells

...xample, pancreatic cells that normally produce and secrete insulin don't work, and stem cells might be able t... researchers note. In fruit flies, epidermal cells secrete the cuticle, a protective covering for the organism. "Our findings suggest that this single transcr...

Pinpointing a culprit molecule in Alzheimer's disease

...e other "minigene" models in that they efficiently secrete Ab. To date we have little evidence for the accumulation of intracellular Ab in these mice; thus, they provide an excellent tool to study the effects of secreted Ab independently of APP transgenes." McGowan et al.: "Aß42 is Essential for Parenchymal...

Gene therapy advance treats hemophilia in mouse models

... hepatocytes, can make the factor VIII protein and secrete it into the bloodstream. However, the investigator... hepatocytes as a factory to make this protein and secrete it into the bloodstream." To better target the hepatocytes in the mice, the team took the disabled ...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...ide energy for cells to move, divide, contract and secrete products vital for the health of organisms. "We think that the key to what is happening in aging is that as (genetic) mutations or DNA damage accumulates, critical cells die," says Prolla. "These experiments favor a major role for programmed cell de...

Life-extending protein keeps blood sugar in check

...found that Sirt1 is present in pancreas cells that secrete insulin hormone. Mice genetically modified to have an excess of Sirt1 in b cells of the pancreas had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin secretion in response to glucose. The altered mice maintained their improved b cell function with ag...

Sea Ice May Be on Increase in the Antarctic

...found that Sirt1 is present in pancreas cells that secrete insulin hormone. Mice genetically modified to have an excess of Sirt1 in b cells of the pancreas had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin secretion in response to glucose. The altered mice maintained their improved b cell function with ag...

Researchers discover new tumor defense system

...r reason to this list. They discovered that tumors secrete fatty acids which inhibit the cytotoxic T lymphocytes' ability to kill tumor cells. "We found two things," explains Dr. Kleinfeld. "First, the most common type of free fatty acids, which at normal levels are essential for life, at high levels preven...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

...ent. "We reasoned that if we could get Listeria to secrete a foreign protein into the interior of the cell, it would target that pathway and would elicit a strong killer T cell response, and we have shown that," says Paterson. "Listeria is almost unique in the bacterial kingdom in doing this." In this mode...

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