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Tag: "scans" at biology news

Aggression-related gene weakens brain's impulse control circuits

...nstitute of Mental Health (NIMH) have found. Brain scans revealed that people with this version ?especially males ?tended to have relatively smaller emotion-related brain structures, a hyperactive alarm center and under-active impulse control circuitry. The study identifies neural mechanisms by which this ...

'Word-vision' brain area confirmed

...essary area for recognizing words. Functional MRI scans have shown that the area specifically activates when people read, as opposed to recognizing other objects, such as faces or houses. And people with lesions in the region lose the ability to recognize whole words--reduced to letter-by-letter reading. ...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

...sicians and a computer scientist, looked at the CT scans and MRIs of infants with particular types of crani...n weeks apart, they would not be an exact fit." T scans record a three-dimensional image of the skull while MRIs provide a three-dimensional brain image. T...

Blood flow in brain takes a twist, affecting views of Alzheimer's

...sophisticated brain imaging techniques such as PET scans and functional MRI scans. Now the group led by Nedergaard, professor in the Department of Neurosurgery and a member of the Center for Aging and Developmental Biology, and post-doctoral associate Takahiro Takano, Ph.D., the first author of the paper,...

Anti-inflammatory drug's potentially deadly side effect found to be rare

...d. Clinical data, magnetic resonance imaging brain scans and cerebrospinal fluid were collected for analysis. Organizers sent guides for evaluation to local neurologists, who evaluated patients and either sent the results to a central database if they suggested little chance of PML or, if indications of ...

Genomatix technology facilitates de novo identification of new renal disease associated genes

...onserved promoter model was generated. Genome-wide scans using this promoter model effectively predicted a previously unrecognized slit diaphragm molecule which was then experimentally verified. This publication shows a straightforward approach how comparative promoter analysis can identify regulatory pa...

First-ever genomic test predicts which lung cancer patients need chemotherapy to live

... The new test, called the Lung Metagene Predictor, scans thousands of genes to identify patterns of gene activity in individual tumors that indicate a patient is likely to suffer a recurrence of disease. Recurrent tumors are typically fatal, so identifying at-risk patients is critical to properly treating ...

Lost in thought: Brain research

... be vigorously suppressed. The functional brain scans were done with an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) system, which maps brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow and oxygenation. Volunteers either viewed photos or listened to short music segments. For each stimulus, however, participants wer...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with autism

...uospatial systems of the brain, the team used fMRI scans to view the patterns of activation in the brains of autistic and normal participants while they read a series of sentences to determine whether each one was true or false. The sentences either had high imagery content ("The number eight when rotated ...

Acidity in the brain could hold the key to stroke treatment

...y in the brain to build up, leading to damage. CT scans are currently used to detect bleeding, swelling and tumours in the brain, but the visibility of soft tissue is very limited, making damage difficult to detect. Professors Morris and Kauppinen will use advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techno...

NYU researchers decorate virus particles, showing potential to enhance MRI capabilities

... Since the signal that radiologists observe in MRI scans is generated primarily from water molecules within the body, we potentially have the ability to get better contrast and clearer images that can distinguish between different tissue types." While Kirshenbaum cautioned that many obstacles remain in us...

Master planners in brain may coordinate other areas' roles in cognitive tasks

Scientists have used data from scans of 183 subjects to identify brain areas that consistently become active in a variety of cognitive tasks, such as reading, learning a rhythm or analyzing a picture. If the brain in action can be compared to a symphony, with specialized sections requi...

Scientists solve 30-year-old mystery of mutant mouse's kidney woes

... of the National Academy of Sciences. Ultrasonic scans reveal fetal hydronephrosis, or enlargement of the kidney, in approximately 1 in every 100 human fetuses. The condition results from impairment of passage of urine from the kidney to the bladder. About 20 percent of those cases lead to clinical compl...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...sure the level of dopamine transporters. The PET scans revealed that ADHD subjects had significantly fewer dopamine transporters than control subjects in the nucleus accumbens, an area of the ventral striatum that is one of the main reward centers in the brain. In a dorsal striatum region known as the pu...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...rain's structure, and combined that with their PET scans to find the exact areas of dopamine activity. ...reas of the brain across all the participants, the scans also revealed differences between individuals in the level of their dopamine response and their self...

Scientists crack rhino horn riddle

...hio, and the Phoenix Zoo. Researchers conducted CT scans on the horns at O'Bleness Memorial Hospital in Athens and found dense mineral deposits made of calcium and melanin in the middle. The calcium deposits make the horn core harder and stronger, and the melanin protects the core from breakdown by the...

New fMRI technology making brain tumor surgery safer

... communication between those two areas.? FMRI scans are performed several days prior to surgery on a 3 Tesla scanner at West Image, a Cincinnati imaging facility owned by Set Shababian, M.D. “We perform various language, motor and vision tasks with the patient in the MRI scanner,?Dr. Leach explained. ...

Researchers urge monitoring of bone health during chemotherapy

...er patient's bone health with regular bone density scans (DEXA) and prescribe medications to prevent bone loss when needed. And patients should consume enough calcium and vitamin D and get sufficient exercise to maintain strong bones." Weilbaecher and her colleagues found that when they gave mice an eig...

Insomnia drug can improve brain function

...on of the drug increased brain metabolism, and PET scans also showed improvement in cerebral areas involved in motivational processing. Although previous studies have shown the positive effect of zolpidem on catatonic conditions, the authors state, "To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing th...

Technology reveals 'lock and key' proteins behind diseases

... (or integrated membrane yeast-two hybrid system), scans cells to detect proteins that interact with key proteins called ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ?proteins that, when impaired, can cause disease. One of the best known ABC transporters is the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulato...

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