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Tag: "roles" at biology news

Researchers find new genes necessary to make embryo

...is in C. elegans have counterparts in humans whose roles are often unknown. For example, human counterparts...s. The C. elegans study suggests specific cellular roles for these genes, thus providing important clues to how these genes work in humans. The new data als...

Light therapy may combat fungal infections, new evidence suggests

...rs first tested the importance of genes with known roles in light sensitivity of another, distantly related fungus. Yeast strains lacking one of those genes, known as white collar 1 (BWC1), mated equally well in the light or the dark, implicating that gene in the fungus' ability to sense light. BWC1 also f...

Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show

...lutathione synthetase (GS), both of which play key roles in the production of glutathione. Glutathione, part of the plant's antioxidant system, may be buffering the impact of the contaminants, said the researchers. The ECS and GS lines absorbed 2.8 times and 2.3 times more selenium respectively than the w...

Institute for Systems Biology Symposium Addresses Need for Better Computational Tools

...sional protein structures of protein determine the roles they play in living organisms. Once completed, the Human Proteome Folding Project will enable ISB to provide a new proteomics tool that can be widely used by the academic community in an open source environment. Speakers at this year's symposium inc...

UCLA launches $20 million stem cell institute to investigate HIV, cancer and neurological disorders

...erceptin. Additionally, UCLA scientists played key roles in testing the targeted therapies Avastin and Tarc... UCLA researchers are studying many aspects of the roles that stem cells may play in healing neurological disorders, including stroke, spinal cord injury, br...

Scientists discover that host cell lipids facilitate bacterial movement

...outhwick and his colleagues decided to explore the roles these lipids play in Listeria infection. "We had expected to see PIP2 and PIP3 only at the very back of Listeria where new actin assembly was taking place," recalls Dr. Southwick. "To our surprise these lipids also localized to the front of the movi...

Unexpressed But Indispensable -- The DNA Sequences That Control Development

...erns of expression, in keeping with their presumed roles in distinct developmental processes. The discovery of these developmentally important sequences opens several avenues of new research. For example, analyzing the sequence and location of these CNEs may help point the way to other non-coding elements...

X-Ray Beams And Fruit Fly 'Flight Simulator' Aid Scientists' View Of Muscle Power

... addressing much more specific questions about the roles of various protein components in muscle function using mutant or genetically-engineered flies. Currently, Maughan is collaborating with Jim Vigoreaux, Ph.D., associate professor of biology at UVM, and Doug Swank of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, t...

TEL2 gene cooperates with MYC gene to provoke B-cell lymphomas

...The study's findings help explain the interlocking roles of MYC, TEL2, and p53 in the development of B lymphoma. It was already known that many human B-cell lymphomas over-express the MYC gene, either because the tumor cells acquire additional copies of this gene or because the cells suffer mutations that ...

RNA project to create language for scientists worldwide

...-is exploding as scientists worldwide discover the roles of RNA in genetics, health, disease and the develo...tions is beginning to show that RNA plays far more roles than originally believed. For instance, while genomicists had previously determined that humans and ...

Transport System Smuggles Medicines Into Brain

...ts and the potential physiological and biochemical roles of the new molecules we found in our work." Details of the work are in a paper, "Distribution of unique red feather pigments in parrots," by McGraw and Mary Nogare, a parrot fancier from Snoqualmie, Wash., published in the Feb. 16, 2005 issue of the...

ASU researchers finds novel chemistry at work to provide parrot's vibrant red colors

...ts and the potential physiological and biochemical roles of the new molecules we found in our work." Details of the work are in a paper, "Distribution of unique red feather pigments in parrots," by McGraw and Mary Nogare, a parrot fancier from Snoqualmie, Wash., published in the Feb. 16, 2005 issue of the...

Protein Packages Found To Activate Genes; May Be What Regulates Development And Disease

...Bernstein admits. HOX genes, as noted, play vital roles in embryo development. Understanding how they are regulated should help researchers determine the molecule-by-molecule procedure involved in the assembly of organs and tissues, like brains and muscles, into a complex living organism. HOX genes are a...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...of our blood, are ancient proteins with well-known roles in oxygen transport and respiration in animals. He...nitrogen fixation. Thus, plant hemoglobins fulfill roles analogous to those of animal hemoglobins, as well as novel roles that are apparently unique to symbi...

Gene variations explain drug dose required to control seizures

...ying patients' drug response, based on their known roles in the metabolism or transport of one or both anti-epileptic drugs. In 425 epileptic patients taking carbamazepine and 281 taking phenytoin, the researchers then searched for an association between clinical use of the drugs and variation in the candi...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

... to have no function actually may play specialized roles in cell behavior. While humans have introns, they don't have Group I introns. Many pathogens that cause human diseases, however, do have Group I introns, including the HIV opportunistic infections pneumocystis, a form of pneumonia, and thrush, an in...

Novel Enzyme Shows Potential As An Anti-HIV Target

...rus encodes just 14 proteins, which play different roles in promoting viral infection and virulence. As a retrovirus, HIV uses the host’s cellular machinery—including RNA polymerases, which carry out transcription—to copy its RNA genome into DNA and infiltrate human chromosomal DNA. Once the virus is integ...

Ecological destruction fuels emerging diseases

...e a very poor to non-existent understanding of the roles these thousands of parasites play in different diseases, something that will require a detailed understanding of their often complex multi-host life cycles. "It's very difficult to link these things up," he says. "It's very time consuming to do that...

New binding target for oncogenic viral protein

...biquitin. The proteins recognized by Fbw7 play key roles in cell division, cell growth, differentiation, and cell death. "These proteins are also some of the most broadly acting cellular oncogenes, and include cyclin E, c-Myc, Notch, and c-Jun," noted Dr. Clurman. "When Fbw7 is mutated in cancers, deregul...

W.M. Keck Foundation funds study of friendly microbes

...sly unknown chemical compounds that play important roles in regulating the properties of the microbial community and human physiology. To do so, the researchers will use a new type of mass spectrometer with an unprecedented capacity to accurately and rapidly identify these metabolites. "We very grateful t...

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