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Tag: "role" at biology news

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

... Because orexin-producing neurons play such a key role in regulating sleep, determining how they are connected to other neurons in the brain is an important step toward understanding how and why we sleep. Mapping the neurons to which orexin neurons send signals has been relatively easy, Dr. Yanagisawa s...

Protein That Promotes Survival Of Stem Cells Might Be Key To Poor Leukemia Prognosis

...cells that produce antibodies. "Understanding the role of Mcl-1 in apoptosis and how this gene is regulat...dies of Mcl-1 at St. Jude to better understand the role this protein plays in both normal hematopoiesis (production of blood cells) as well as in potentiall...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

...es of the brain over the coming years, such as the role of glial cells in the process of glutamate removal from the synaptic cleft. It's fascinating to see a tool that we are using in plant biology open new areas in neuroscience." ...

Researchers report new pro-inflammatory role for anti-inflammatory enzyme

...xide synthase (eNOS) also plays a pro-inflammatory role by facilitating iNOS expression. "eNOS is found al...thelium and the NO that it synthesizes plays a key role in regulation of blood pressure, platelet aggregation, the reactivity of immune cells and growth of ...

Growth in biomass could put US on road to energy independence

...thor of the report. "We wanted to know how large a role biomass could play, whether the United States has the land resources and whether such a plan would be economically viable." Looking at just forestland and agricultural land, the two largest potential biomass sources, the study found potential exceed...

Human Cells Filmed Instantly Messaging for First Time

...thor of the report. "We wanted to know how large a role biomass could play, whether the United States has the land resources and whether such a plan would be economically viable." Looking at just forestland and agricultural land, the two largest potential biomass sources, the study found potential exceed...

Biologists discover why 10% of Europeans are safe from HIV

... emerged only recently and could not have played a role in raising the frequency of the mutation to the high levels found in some Europeans today. Professor Christopher Duncan and Dr Susan Scott from the University's School of Biological Sciences, whose research is published in the March edition of Journ...

First North American Encapsulated Islet Transplant without Long-term Immune Suppression into a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes

... emerged only recently and could not have played a role in raising the frequency of the mutation to the high levels found in some Europeans today. Professor Christopher Duncan and Dr Susan Scott from the University's School of Biological Sciences, whose research is published in the March edition of Journ...

Used in a new way, RNA interference permanently silences key breast cancer gene

... is also providing some valuable insights into the role of STAT3 and its downstream targets," adds Arlinghaus, who also will discuss the work in a mini symposium at the AACR meeting. RNAi has been employed as a laboratory tool to knock down expression of genes in a variety of cells and organisms. It work...

Nanoparticle Breast Cancer Drug Approved by FDA

...y Feinberg School of Medicine played a significant role in Food and Drug Administration approval of Abraxane (paclitaxel protein-bound particles for injectable suspension), indicated for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. "The approval means that women with metastatic breast cancer no longer need ...

Researchers unlock mechanism creating jigsaw puzzle-like plant cells

...nt out that these distinct signals play a critical role in the development of leaf cell walls and leaf structures in a controlled and ordered way and that genetically over expressing one or the other leads to cells lacking the interlocking jigsaw puzzle appearance. While the researchers unlocked a fascin...

New understanding of DNA repair may pave way to cancer treatments

...itute study has found that a protein known for its role in gene regulation has another important function,...asia Mutated), which stimulates DNA repair. ATF2's role in regulating expression of proteins that control cell cycle and programmed cell death is well estab...

Cerebral navigation: How do nerve fibers know what direction to grow in?

...itry formation. The second paper demonstrates the role of a protein called ephexin1 in axon guidance. By itself, ephexin 1 promotes axon growth; neurons from mice genetically modified to lack ephexin1 had significantly shorter axons. But when ephrin is present and binds to Eph receptors, ephexin1 is chem...

A puzzle piece found in unraveling the wiring of the brain

... of that puzzle by finding a gene that plays a key role in brain wiring. A report on their work appears today in the journal Neuron. "We were surprised to find an exocyst mutant having such specific defects," said Bellen, professor of molecular and human genetics at BCM. "The cell biological basis of bra...

Brain-injury rehabilitation depends on acetylcholine circuitry

...o determine whether this same system also played a role in rehabilitation from brain injury, they first taught rats to reach for food pellets with their forepaws. In one group of animals, they then used a toxin to specifically eliminate cholinergic nerves connecting to the motor and sensory regions of the...

Aggressive aquatic species invading Great Lakes

...ty to wrest territory from native fish plays a key role in their dominance of the Great Lakes. In the study, McMaster's Sigal Balshine, an assistant professor of psychology, and her colleagues report that gobies win territory disputes against native logperch regardless of whether or not they were the ori...

Roche clinical trial registry and results database launched

...ble industry solution Roche is taking a leadership role in the industry’s efforts to ensure transparency with its global approach, which is consistent with the information disclosure principles published earlier this year by the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). The Roch...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

...Tim Rodwell, an epidemiologist who served the dual role of camp doctor and electronics guru. Rodwell and ...istance seismic messages that could play a crucial role in their survival and reproductive success. "Perhaps they're sending out signals to potential mates ...

New tumor-suppressor gene discovered

...ats gene belongs has been shown to play a critical role in growth inhibition. The scientists began their research when they found one line of the Drosophila fly, a model laboratory species, which developed tumors on their bodies. Lai suspected that these flies had a naturally occurring genetic defect tha...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...gions of the mRNA. These binding events may play a role in the stability and degradation of the mRNA. Despite much research over the last few years into exactly how this works, the question had not been answered. "So far, it has not really been clear what the mechanism is," says Han. Now, Han and his co...

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