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Tag: "role" at biology news

Epstein-Barr virus protein crucial to its role in blood cancers

... and one of the most common human viruses, plays a role in cancers such as lymphoproliferative diseases in transplant or AIDS patients, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and also causes the well-known disease, infectious mononucleosis. As many as 95 percent of adults 20...

Defensins neutralize anthrax toxin

... and one of the most common human viruses, plays a role in cancers such as lymphoproliferative diseases in transplant or AIDS patients, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and also causes the well-known disease, infectious mononucleosis. As many as 95 percent of adults 20...

Fleshing out the genome

...Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, playing a role in everything from energy transport and metabolism...enes are expressing proteins, we can look for what role these proteins play." Before this study, nearly 40 percent of the genetic sequences in Shewanella o...

NIH Calls on Scientists to Speed Public Release of Research Publications

...'s use of the Internet, NIH must take a leadership role in making available to the public the research that we support," said NIH Director Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D. "While this new policy is voluntary, we are strongly encouraging all NIH-supported researchers to release their published manuscripts as soon a...

Discovery Promises Simpler Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease

...forts for managing the disease completely miss the role that red blood cell-derived nitric oxide plays. Th...Stamler's team discovered that, in addition to its role in oxygen delivery, hemoglobin acts a biosensor, adjusting blood flow according to the oxygen demand...

Molecule that usually protects infection-fighting cells may cause plaque deposits inside arteries

...and his colleagues first discovered the protective role of AIM six years ago. In the current study, scientists exposed mice lacking AIM to a fatty diet that would normally induce atherosclerosis. After several weeks, researchers found little to no atherosclerotic lesions. Comparatively, in mice that had ...

Iron exporter revealed that may explain common human disorder

...nto cells. However, the evidence for ferroportin's role in exporting iron back out of cells remained indir...eficiency anemia, further confirming the protein's role in iron absorption. The findings offer insight into the underlying basis for hemochromatosis, Andre...

Institute for Systems Biology Symposium Addresses Need for Better Computational Tools

...ctions -- just as the parts in a car determine the role they play in the car's function, three dimensional protein structures of protein determine the roles they play in living organisms. Once completed, the Human Proteome Folding Project will enable ISB to provide a new proteomics tool that can be widely...

Insight into natural cholesterol control suggests novel cholesterol-lowering therapy

... found. "The current results demonstrate a direct role for lanosterol as a selective, physiologic regulator of reductase ubiquitination and degradation," said DeBose-Boyd. That effect would, in turn, control the rate of cholesterol production. "In addition to the biological significance, the findings ha...

50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel

... to stream through the channel. Understanding the role of sumoylation allowed the team to study the K2P1 channel for the first time. The channel is open at rest, the researchers found, and closed when the SUMO tag is attached. When it is closed, potassium ions build up within the cell. When they reach a ...

Scientists discover how plants disarm the toxic effects of excessive sunlight

...duction." Reactive oxygen also plays an important role in human, animal and plant health, because it is often used as a host defense to inhibit the growth of unwanted microbial pathogens. In fact, it appears that even non-photosynthetic bacteria, including human and animal pathogens like Vibrio and Pseud...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

... and may provide a biochemical explanation for the role of kinetochores in maintaining chromosome segregation during mitosis. "Our studies indicate that the Dam1 rings are formed by longitudinal self-assembly of multiple copies of the Dam1 complex upon the microtubule surface," the authors state in their...

Light therapy may combat fungal infections, new evidence suggests

...ous fungus perceives light also plays an important role in its virulence, according to Howard Hughes Medic...rmaceuticals. "Therefore, an understanding of the role of environmental signals such as light in fungal development is vital to increase the benefits and d...

New insight into regulation of blood stem cells

...ious studies by using adult animals to examine the role of a key gene known to be required for blood cell ...embryonic death, making it impossible to study the role of the gene of interest in mature animals. Dr. Michael P. Cooke and colleagues from the Genomics In...

Researchers rein in regulatory RNAs

... the nucleus, which strongly suggests a functional role for these transcripts in gene regulation. Abe and Kiyosawa also evaluated four Arabidopsis SAT pairs and demonstrated that these molecular characteristics were largely conserved in plants. "Conventional belief in molecular biology suggests that pol...

UCSD-Salk Team Show Protein’s Gene-Silencing Role In Development of Nervous System

...a group of proteins called phosphatases play a key role in the development of the nervous system, has been shown in fruit flies and mice by researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, in collaboration with scientists at the Salk Institute, La Jolla, California. The ph...

New drug shows promise as powerful anticancer agent

...nical trials. Plk1 is a molecule that plays a key role in driving cell division. High levels of Plk1 have been observed in many human tumors, and studies using various laboratory techniques have shown that inhibition of Plk1activity leads to cell death. "Because all signaling pathways that have gone awry...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...ancer therapeutics. Interestingly, DJ-1 may play a role in other disease states, as it has also been recently identified as a predictive diagnostic for early-onset, autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease. The other members of the research team include Raymond H. Kim, YingJu Jang, and Tak W. Mak of Ontar...

Strongest proof yet found for prion hypothesis

...efficiency of the PMCA technology played a crucial role in the work of his team, which included study co-authors Joaquín Castilla, Paula Saá and Claudio Hetz. By mimicking the natural mechanism of prion formation but doing so at a much higher rate, PMCA made it possible to produce the large quantities of ...

Researchers uncover sequence of major rice pathogen

...nvolved in secondary metabolism. Consistent with a role in fungal pathogenesis, the expression of several of these genes is upregulated during the early stages of infection-related development. The M. grisea genome has been subject to invasion and proliferation of active transposable elements, reflecting ...

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