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Tag: "role" at biology news

New Technique for Tracking Gene Regulators

...ecould greatly speed the process of unraveling the role these proteinsplay in turning on and off the genes... it,?said biologist John Dunn, who ledBrookhaven’s role in the research. “It’s as if we have in our hands agiant book of life, but we are barely beginning t...

Bound for destruction: Ubiquitination protects against improper Notch signaling

... as it had previously been shownthat Nedd4 plays a role in the processing of other types oftransmembrane p...e idea ofNedd4 as an agent of endocytosis. Nedd4’s role as a suppressor of Notchwas illustrated even more plainly when the lab showed that inhibitionof Nedd...

U-M scientist to talk about tissue engineering at AAAS

...eck, in part because U-M Dentistry plays a leading role in the effort. Dentists have a long tradition of finding ways to fill tooth cavities that will not heal on their own, Krebsbach said, and that has led to research in biomaterials, bone and connective tissue function, and then tissue engineering. At ...

Learning to fight an adversary that won't stay down

...reaks of these "superbugs," so that we can put the role of these organisms in the proper evolutionary perspective. This subject, and antibiotic resistance in particular, has fascinated Davies since he began postdoctoral work on antibiotics and resistance mechanisms at Harvard Medical School in the early 1...

Scientists find missing enzyme for tuberculosis iron scavenging pathway

...the enzyme most likely plays an entirely different role in M. tuberculosis. "What the structure showed, when combined with careful analysis of the sequence, its neighbors in the genome, and the fact that its gene was also regulated by iron, was that Rv1347c was almost certainly a "missing enzyme" from th...

Scientists seek answers on what activates deadly anthrax spores

... B5 derivative known as Coenzyme A plays a crucial role in the germination of the anthrax spores. They have already shown that anthrax is missing a similar cofactor called glutathione that is common to many other bacteria, as well as humans. The researchers are working with a non-pathogenic strain of ant...

Mitochondrial DNA mutations play significant role in prostate cancer

...ions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) playan important role in the development of prostate cancer, according t...ence that mitochondrialmutations play an important role in prostate cancer," said Dr. Petros."This is the first evidence that individuals who inherit a muta...

Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development

...e A (PKA),which previous research suggests plays a role in neural development,"says Reinisch. "Fluctuations in PKA may influence not only neuronalmaturation but also how neuronal networks are constructed duringdevelopment," she says. Alterations of this enzyme may affect neuraldevelopment and neural conne...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

...e A (PKA),which previous research suggests plays a role in neural development,"says Reinisch. "Fluctuations in PKA may influence not only neuronalmaturation but also how neuronal networks are constructed duringdevelopment," she says. Alterations of this enzyme may affect neuraldevelopment and neural conne...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

.... Altogether, these results show a surprising new role for Tat in stimulating assembly of a transcription...tor—and HIV so hard to control. (For more on Tat's role in HIV transcription, see “Novel Enzyme Shows Potential as an Anti-HIV Target?[DOI: 10.1371/journal....

Scientists collaborate to assess health of global environment

... out in June; and reports related to wetlands, the role of the private sector and impacts on human health are scheduled for July. According to Mooney, these topics were chosen because the organizations that oversee major international treaties dealing with biological systems requested the information. The...

Enzyme shown to help protect genomic stability

... shown that an enzyme known as Ubp10 plays a vital role in protecting the telomeric regions of the genome from potential destabilizing molecular events. The enzyme helps to keep the genome structurally closed, unavailable for transcription and possibly protected from dangerous genetic recombinations with ...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...ls," said Richard Ferrieri, who leads Brookhaven's role in the research. "This enables us to study the eff...ust beginning to realize that isoprene has a vital role as an antioxidant in helping plants tolerate many different stresses, for example from insects or oz...

Scientists discover the cellular roots of graying hair

...etion. MITF, they conclude, seemsto play a crucial role in maintaining the supply of stem cells withinthe hair follicle, and graying is the result of “incomplete maintenanceof melanocyte stem cells.?The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, andNishimura received funding from The Shi...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...ants and bacteria, but until now the physiological role of plant hemoglobins has been unclear. A group of ...bling researchers to assess for the first time the role and importance of these proteins in plants. The results of the study indicate that symbiotic hemoglo...

Fundamental Finding Yields Insight into Stem Cells, Cancer; Opens Door to Drug Discovery

...etion. MITF, they conclude, seemsto play a crucial role in maintaining the supply of stem cells withinthe hair follicle, and graying is the result of “incomplete maintenanceof melanocyte stem cells.?The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, andNishimura received funding from The Shi...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

...wth factor 2 (FGF2) accomplishes the same critical role that feeder cells are thought to play: ensuring that the stem cells remain in their undifferentiated state and capable of proliferation. "We've got it down to the mechanism," Xu says. Moreover, Xu made the surprising discovery that the very molecul...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a new approach for directing treatment to metastasized prostate cancer in the bones.

...etion. MITF, they conclude, seemsto play a crucial role in maintaining the supply of stem cells withinthe hair follicle, and graying is the result of “incomplete maintenanceof melanocyte stem cells.?The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, andNishimura received funding from The Shi...

First 'atlas' of key brain genes could speed research on cancer, neurological diseases

...ty, of “target?genes. These factors play a pivotal role in braindevelopment by direction the formation of neurons and supporting cellscalled glia from uncommitted progenitor cells. Until now, braintranscription factors had not been systematically isolated and theirlocations within different parts of the b...

New research questions basic tenet of neuron function

... release. Spontaneous release is thought to play a role in the development of the neural circuitry in the brain and body, while activity-dependent release is responsible for functions such as learning and memory. ...

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