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Tag: "reward" at biology news

Researchers win money to develop breath test to detect breast cancer

...Idea award, which funds promising, high-risk, high reward research proposals that could lead to critical advancements in eradicating breast cancer. "We are very excited about getting this grant without having had too much real exposure to breast cancer research," said Joerg Lahann, assistant professor of ...

Genetically altered mice no longer like cocaine

...is led to the proposal that there may be redundant reward pathways for cocaine reward. "Deleting the dopamine transporter itself caused tremendous changes in the mouse brain," Gu said. "It's possible that, somehow, the animals' brains rewired themselves and, as a result, the mice still felt the effects of ...

Dissecting the machinery of nicotine's reward

...achinery by which nicotine switches on the brain's reward machinery. In an article in the June 15, 2006, Ne...timulates neurons that are an integral part of the reward circuitry. They also found that the same circuitry is involved in triggering exploratory and novelty...

Pure novelty spurs the brain

... bonus to explore an environment in the search for reward rather than being a reward itself." Also, Bunzeck and Düzel found that novelty enhanced learning in the subjects. "Thus, the ...

Brain's 'gambling circuitry' identified

...rain regions that specifically responded to either reward expectation or risk. Importantly, these areas show...activity that increased with the level of expected reward and perceived risk. The researchers found that the activation related to expected reward was immedia...

Smokers invite to test vaccine against nicotine addiction

...erson should not experience the nicotine-triggered reward that tempts most people back into the habit. Northern California smokers over 18 are invited to join a national study to determine whether NicVax can help people abstain from smoking and help them avoid relapsing within the next 12 months. Partici...

The brain's motivation station

...ad received the reward. The researchers found that reward anticipation activated specific brain structures i...d task, the researchers sought to measure how this reward center promoted memory formation. They first showed subjects a "value" symbol that signified whether...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...ea of the ventral striatum that is one of the main reward centers in the brain. In a dorsal striatum region known as the putamen, which plays an important role in habits and is also involved with attention, dopamine transporter levels did not differ between the two groups. In both groups, levels of dopami...

Contrary to common wisdom, scientist discovers some mammals can smell objects under water

...rthworm scent trails and followed the trail to its reward with accuracies ranging from 75 percent to 100 percent accuracy. Two moles were tested with fish scent trails and followed them with 85 percent and 100 percent accuracy. When the grid was replaced with a screen with openings too small for the air b...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...interaction between the neurobiologies of emotion, reward and pain regulation. The new findings build on previous pain research by Zubieta and his team, which has shown individual variation in the rating of pain, and has visualized the brain's own painkiller system responding to pain and even to the gi...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

...exercise control due to disruptions in the brain's reward and control circuits, according to a series of bra...). In one study, subjects were given a monetary reward for their performance on an attention task. Subjects were given one of three amounts (no money, one ...

Hormone linked to brain's cravings for food and other energy sources

...rning, and memory and has now been linked with the reward circuitry of the brain that regulates food craving...ng to lead author Tamas Horvath, components of the reward circuitry of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), may be responsible for overeating and addiction. "Tar...

American scientist's research of life's first cells

...ng PhD graduate students from around the world and reward their research in the field of molecular biology," said Peter Ehrenheim, president of GE Healthcare Life Sciences. "Both Science /AAAS and GE believe that support of promising scientists at the beginning of their careers is critical for continued sc...

New technology to speed up research into Huntington's disease

...ere able to learn the correct stimulus to obtain a reward by day 10. The researchers also demonstrated that when the stimuli were reversed (so the stimulus that had previously been correct was now incorrect), HD mice struggled with the task although younger HD mice, who had not progressed as far in the d...

Researchers identify neurons that assign value during learning

...e repulsive. Conversely, an odor associated with a reward can become attractive. Despite its relatively mode...ally substitute for external stimuli--for example, reward or punishment--in an associative-learning experiment. The researchers found that if an odor is prese...

New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain

...ers that plays an important role in motivation and reward processes. Nicotine activates the dopamine system... was important for both CREB activity and nicotine reward and that blocking CREB in the nucleus accumbens was sufficient to block nicotine reward. ...

UCLA: How does your brain respond when you think about gambling or taking risks?

... Poldrack said. The researchers also found that reward centers in the brain respond not only when we actu...tial rewards, and that when we make decisions, the reward circuitry in the brain is more sensitive to possible losses than to possible gains. The research ...

The influence of the menstrual cycle on the female brain

...recompense system that predicts different types of reward (food, money, drugs?. The normal functioning of th...ve processes such as motivation and learning. This reward system, composed of dopaminergic neurons1 situated in the mesencephalon (a very deep region of the b...

Morphine makes lasting -- and surprising -- change in the brain

...ll section of the midbrain that is involved in the reward system that reinforces survival-boosting behaviors such as eating and sex ?a reward system linked to addiction. The affected synapses, Kauer found, were those between inhibitory neuron...

Rewarding fat rats

... day not only made them lose weight, but also made reward sensations stronger. Conversely, increasing the level of leptin in the brain weakened the reward sensation. Their work has appeared in notable journals such as Science and Behavioral Neuroscience. ...

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