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Tag: "reveals" at biology news

Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp

...al and Biochemical Zoology, a groundbreaking study reveals an unanticipated way freshwater fish may respond to water diversion and climate change. Endangered naked carp migrate annually between freshwater rivers, where they spawn, and a lake in Western China, where they feed and grow. However, Lake Qinghai i...

UCLA researchers unravel a mystery about DNA

...rticle in the Nov. 17 issue of the journal Science reveals important structural information about the gyrations of DNA during transcription and the effects of those gyrations on the process. The discoveries, which inform our understanding of the structure and mechanics of RNAP -- an enzyme responsible for m...

Molecular structure reveals how botulinum toxin attaches to nerve cells

...ors on the surface of human neurons. The structure reveals how these toxins work at the molecular level and provides a promising new target for designing drugs to block the action of botulinum neurotoxins. ...

Spelling out cancer on the nanoscale

...d only read them. No matter how small, every tumor reveals its identity in tiny amounts of abnormally expressed proteins called oncoproteins. Being able to read trace oncoprotein levels from early-stage tumors would speak volumes to physicians and cancer researchers. Enter nano-fluidics and the art of readin...

Few clues about African ancestry to be found in mitochondrial DNA

...ished today in the open access journal BMC Biology reveals that fewer than 10% of African American mitochondrial DNA sequences analysed can be matched to mitochondrial DNA from one single African ethnic group. There has been a growing interest in the use of mitochondrial DNA to trace maternal ancestries, and...

From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea

...ar in size and shape to bacteria, genetic analysis reveals that archaea are actually more closely related to humans and other eukaryotes. Ancient origins Although archaea are believed to be among the oldest organisms on Earth, finding paleontological evidence of these ancient microbes has proven elus...

Stroke symptoms common among general population

... to screen individuals without a history of stroke reveals that many have had an undiagnosed or silent stroke, according to background information in the article. One previous study found that 11 percent of individuals age 55 to 64, 22 percent of those ages 65 to 69 and 43 percent of those older than 85 yea...

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

...The finding, reported in today's issue of Science, reveals that scientists must reassess the process involved in the origin of species. The beginnings of speciation, suggests the paper, can be triggered by genes that change their locations in a genome. "In the 1930s there was speculation that parts of chrom...

Fast-freeze snapshot yields new picture of nerve-muscle junction

...ng a flash-freeze physical-fixation technique that reveals new details of their location and function in neuromuscular synapses. The technique was used with tiny, one-millimeter-long nematode worms, a lab animal widely studied by neuroscientists. Investigators report the finding in the Aug. 2 issue of the J...

New technique boosts size of proteins that can be analyzed

...nd identify the proteins. However, this approach reveals less information concerning modifications to proteins. Such important cellular processes as oxidation and acetylation of proteins add chemical groups and alter how a protein functions, such as modifying an enzymatic pathway. The bottom-up approach is...

Vaccine-producing 'plant-factories'

...arding this type of protein. Nevertheless, Pozueta reveals that the starting point for this research was a chance discovery. The team had been investigating the metabolism of starch, a substance that is generated in the chloroplast, when they came across an unexpected type of protein for this type of cell or...

How did bilaterally symmetric flowers evolve from radially symmetric ones?

...ts with radially symmetric flowers. "This study reveals that natural selection can play a key role in the evolution of flower bilateral symmetry," says Camacho. "Our data also suggest that it is possible to understand the evolution of complex forms by means of microevolutionary analyses, as complementary ...

New fMRI technology making brain tumor surgery safer

..., perception, and cognition. Functional MRI, which reveals the brain in action, differs from standard MRI, which provides a static image. “This is a quantum leap in what we’re able to do,?said Dr. James Leach, a brain-imaging specialist (neuroradiologist) with UC Radiology and The Neuroscience Institute. ...

A sweet step toward new cancer therapies

...rious fragments provide a sort of fingerprint that reveals the genetic blueprint from which the protein was built---information that helps researchers confirm the protein's identity. This works fine as long as the protein has not been modified after it was produced. But if other chemical groups such as phosp...

Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control

...eway to transcription," Pugh said. The research reveals how the pieces of DNA that regulate genes at the transcription-promoter sites are packaged on nucleosomes. The knowledge that these sites are located on the outside edge of the nucleosome spool will help to focus research designed to manipulate gene...

Colour sensor breath test can detect lung cancer

...with "moderate accuracy" even in the early stages, reveals research published ahead of print in Thorax. It could revolutionise the way cancer is detected and potentially save lives, say the authors. The test comprises a chemical colour sensor, which detects tiny changes in the unique chemical signature o...

How T lymphocytes attack

...model developed by these Institut Curie scientists reveals the strategy adopted by these cells to destroy the tumour. Recognition of the tumour antigen determines T lymphocyte behaviour To arrive at their conclusion, the researchers used an animal model to observe the route followed by T lymphocytes ...

Neural bottleneck found that thwarts multi-tasking

...nance imaging, or fMRI, an imaging technology that reveals the brain areas active in a given mental task by registering changes in oxygenated blood concentration in these regions. While fMRI is an excellent tool for identifying a particular area in the brain involved in a given task, it generally provides li...

UCLA/Toronto researchers unlock key to memory storage in brain

...cage, the scientists tracked a genetic marker that reveals recent neuron activity. When the team examined the animals' amygdalas after the experiment, they found substantial amounts of CREB and the marker in neurons. "We discovered that the amount of CREB influences whether or not the brain stores a memo...

Study uncovers a lethal secret of 1918 influenza virus

... of Wisconsin-Madison virologist Yoshihiro Kawaoka reveals how the 1918 virus - modern history's most savage influenza strain - unleashes an immune response that destroys the lungs in a matter of days, leading to death. The finding is important because it provides insight into how the virus that swept the...

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