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Tag: "reveals" at biology news

Of mice, men, trees and the global carbon cycle

... the nitrogen content of any plant. The study also reveals that the respiration, or metabolic, rates of plants and animals follow different laws of scaling with respect to body size. The work will be published in the Jan. 26 issue of the journal Nature. In revealing nitrogen content as the key to plant meta...

Great (taste) expectations: Study shows brain anticipates taste, shifts gears

...ctions of quinine on a cohort of college students, reveals in detail how the brain responds to a manipulation intended to mitigate an unpleasant experience. "There is a potent impact to expectancy," says Nitschke, who, with his colleagues, exposed 43 undergraduate subjects to potions of quinine, sugar water...

New RNAi tools enable systematic studies of gene function

...ldwide. "Switching off a single gene through RNAi reveals how that gene functions in a particular biological process. When RNAi's potential is applied to thousands of genes ?as it has been in fruit flies and nematodes ?it can provide a more complete picture of that process," said David Root, a senior author...

Hooked on fishing, and we're heading for the bottom, says scientist

... global marine fisheries activity since 1950. This reveals local, regional and global trends in past and present fisheries practices. (The detailed data are publicly available at www.seaaroundus.org.) Among its most notable findings, the research has revealed that the world passed "peak fish" ?a peak in the...

A surprising pair of proteins help make healthy eggs

...twork of ovarian genes. Freiman said the discovery reveals a potential connection between TAF4b and c-Jun and the formation of a rare kind of ovarian cancer that springs from granulosa cells. The scientists arrived at their findings by creating two matched rat cell lines of ovarian granulosa cell origin. In...

Cell barrier shows why bird flu not so easily spread among humans

...w, a study of cells in the human respiratory tract reveals a simple anatomical difference in the cells of the system that makes it difficult for the virus to jump from human to human. The finding, reported today (March 23, 2006) in the journal Nature, is important because it demonstrates a requisite charact...

Waking a sleeping virus

...s week's issue of the journal Molecular Cell, also reveals a potential weak point that could be targeted by antiviral drugs. The molecule is a protein called ZEBRA, which the virus brings along as it infects human cells. ZEBRA is essential to switching the virus from its latent to its active state. "During ...

In the mind's eye: How the brain makes a whole out of parts

...rve cells in the visual cortex of macaque monkeys, reveals that neurons in the higher-level visual cortex at first respond to a visual stimulus "somewhat indiscriminately," signaling all the individual features within a shape to which they are sensitive. For instance, a particular neuron may respond to objec...

When good DNA goes bad

...at forming this structure. Analysis of the genome reveals that DNA sequences prone to forming the Z-DNA structure occur in 0.25 percent of the genome, according to Vasquez. She and her colleagues decided to find out whether Z-DNA itself had any effect on the DNA stability. To do that, post-doctoral fellow ...

Climate change drives widespread amphibian extinctions

...the Jan. 12 issue of the journal Nature, the study reveals how the warming may alter the dynamics of a skin fungus that is fatal to amphibians. The climate-driven fungal disease, the author's say, has hundreds of species around the world teetering on the brink of extinction or has already pushed them into th...

Medieval diaries aid scientists ascertain increase in hot spots due to global warming

... the past millennium a report published in Science reveals this week. The study finds that the number of 'hot spots' has increased dramatically in the Northern Hemisphere in the last century compared to the past 1200 years - adding to the growing evidence of wide-scale global warming. Dr Tim Osborn and Pr...

Study fishes out new role for prostaglandins

...ve catalog. A new study by Vanderbilt researchers reveals that prostaglandins help choreograph the intricate cell movements during early embryonic development in zebrafish, highlighting how perturbations in this pathway might influence human development and the spread of cancer. The results also may point t...

Habitat microstructure drives salamander metamorphosis

...ished today in the open access journal BMC Biology reveals that the Oklahoma salamander Eurycea tynerensis metamorphoses into a more terrestrial adult form in streambeds composed of fine, tightly packed gravel but retains its juvenile, or paedomorphic, form in streambeds made of large, loosely packed particl...

Attacking cancer's sweet tooth is effective strategy against tumors

...ncer Cell. "This is an exciting contribution that reveals a surprising Achilles heel in cancer cells. It also adds to our sense of opportunity for new avenues of cancer therapeutics," said Stuart Schrieber, Morris Loeb professor and chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard Univer...

New potential drug target in tuberculosis

...rium needs for survival in human cells. This image reveals features of the molecule that could be targeted by new antibiotic drugs. The results appear in this week's online issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). M. tuberculosis is dangerous because it hides and persists in the ...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover new cell properties

...ool of Medicine and the University of Pennsylvania reveals that children suffering from Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) have an excessively stiff shell of proteins. The nucleus in all three trillion cells of the human body contains the DNA genome, which is wrapped with a stiff protein shell call...

Matrilin-3 gene discovered to prevent onset of osteoarthritis

...hritis increases with increasing BMD. "Our study reveals an unexpected property of matrilin-3 in maintaining proper BMD, a factor that was not previously examined," the authors write. "However, the mechanism of the association between increased bone density and joint degeneration is not known. Our data sho...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

A new study reveals how the production of a potent immune regulator called interferon gamma (IFNg) is controlled in natural killer (NK) cells, immune cells that typically defend the body against cancer and infections. IFNg, produced by NK cells and other cell types, p...

Mouse mimics chronic leukemia, will aid drug development

A study by cancer researchers here reveals that a new strain of mice offers the first real animal model for an incurable form of chronic leukemia and should greatly aid the development of new drugs for the disease. The mouse, called the TCL-1 transgenic mouse, develops a malignancy that cl...

The structure of a virus infecting bacteria resembles a human virus

...es that infect people. Studying this bacteriophage reveals various characteristics about viruses and their life cycle without having to study actual human viruses. Structural biologists Juha Huiskonen and Sarah Butcher from the Academy of Finland Virus Research Centre of Excellence, University of Helsinki,...

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