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Tag: "reveals" at biology news

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...s of amitochondrial human pathogens. The analysis reveals the degradation of the E. histolytica genome in its transition from a free-living organism into a parasite of the human gut. At the same time, scientists also cataloged the retention and expansion of some gene families characteristic of more complex ...

Timing is everything: First step in protein building revealed

...ac hypertrophy remains a mystery, the newdiscovery reveals exactly how eIF1 regulates the ribosome's activity.The research team has demonstrated that eIF1's mere presence on theyeast ribosome prevents the machinery from getting started. Only afterits release from the complex can the ribosome start making pro...

The secret lives of whales

...eed for resumed whaling. Yet the whales?varied DNA reveals a different story, a past with an ocean teeming with whales. It also shows a steadily growing population, with drastic declines only showing up in recent history. “Whales have shown remarkable resilience to cataclysmic events - until the last one ?w...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...oint, which Golden crystallized, is unreactive but reveals many of the interactions between the RNA and the molecules that it activates, she said. "Knowing the structure can help us engineer molecules to behave better," Golden said. "It's very hard to find targets in cells because cells are organized in way...

Critical role in programmed cell death identified

...professor of genetics at Dartmouth Medical School, reveals the importance of mitochondria in cell death in the roundworm C. elegans, enhancing the view of how cell death is conserved from worms to humans. "Now it seems that there is really one way of killing cells and it involves these mitochondria. Using g...

Placenta Is A Rich Source Of Blood Stem Cells

...of blood stem cells to the fetus. ''This research reveals a new organ for blood development,'' Orkin says. ''It is surprising that this role for the placenta has been overlooked for so many years.'' The study, published in the March issue of the journal Developmental Cell, found that blood stem cells appea...

New insight into people who 'see' colors in letters and numbers

... magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of their brains reveals that they show activation of color-perception areas. The researchers said their findings lend support to the hypothesis that the condition is due to cross-activation between adjacent brain areas involved in perceiving shapes and colors. Some synesth...

Carnegie Mellon scientists develop tool that uses MRI to visualize gene expression in living animals

...a distinctly different signal. The resulting image reveals dark areas that indicate the presence of the MRI reporter. "Our technology is adaptable to monitor gene expression in many tissue types. You could link this MRI reporter gene to any other gene of interest, including therapeutic genes for diseases li...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

...to the full set of X-linked genes and also further reveals that individual women exhibit extensive differences among them with respect to X inactivation, Willard said. In their study, the researchers isolated cell lines from each of 40 women. They then measured the activity level of each of 471 genes to det...

Multi-purpose protein regulates new protein synthesis and immune cell development

...cal School and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute reveals the surprising finding that this same signaling protein is required for the formation of immune cells called B lymphocytes. "This is a unique signaling pathway," says Randal Kaufman, Ph.D., a professor of biological chemistry in the U-M Medical Scho...

New World founders small in number

...ier open-access journal PLoS Biology, Jody Hey now reveals how the sizes of the first New World populations have changed since they were founded. His new approach shows that the New World was colonized by a surprisingly small population with an effective size of only about 70 individuals (those individuals l...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...closer to answering this question." The structure reveals a "pseudoknot" that is required for telomerase activity, at whose core three strands of RNA come together to form a triple helix. All vertebrate animals investigated so far have nearly the identical sequence of nucleotides through the triple helix, T...

Elephant seal pups suffer from ocean warming

...egative impact on the condition of elephant seals, reveals a study published in the Open Access journal BMC Biology. High ocean temperatures observed from 1975 to the late 1990s are correlated with a 28% decrease in the weight of elephant seal pups. Elephant seals are shown to be sensitive to ocean temperatu...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...s from stem cell to differentiated neuron. It also reveals fundamental details of how stem cells retain developmental plasticity. "A single protein does it all," said Gail Mandel, HHMI investigator at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. "It keeps the genes totally off in non-neuronal tissues, s...

Science study holds implications for gene therapy and stem cell biology

... Medical School and Hamburg University in Germany, reveals important evidence that tells us more about how blood forming stem cells regenerate. On the other hand, scientists offer caution in regards to the side effects associated with genetic engineering of stem cells. The study, whose lead author is Christ...

Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1

...nly in plants and invertebrates. The research also reveals exactly how HIV-1 successfully thwarts this rare form of immunity in vertebrate cells. However, elucidation of the mechanism HIV-1 uses to protect itself provides some critical insight into a potential vulnerability within the HIV-1 molecule. Identif...

Primates on the brink

... The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates-2004-2006 reveals that 25 percent-or one in four-of the 625 primate species and subspecies are at risk of extinction. The report compiled by more than 50 experts from 16 countries cites deforestation, commercial bushmeat hunting, and the illegal animal trade as the pr...

A hope for oil spill bioremediation

...ly published article in Environmental Microbiology reveals that indigenous microbiota of the Galician shore is readily able to degrade crude oil. Scientists from the Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish Council for Research, CSIC) in Granada investigated in situ crude oil degradation after the Prestige ...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

... The presence of the resulting double-stranded DNA reveals the base-pair sequence and the amount of that sequence in the added sample. One way to measure gene expression is to measure levels of messenger RNA--that's RNA that translates the genetic information of DNA into proteins. Accordingly, one can go ba...

Discovery of New Dopamine Action May Yield Alternative Psychiatric Drugs

...ked out. The new study by Caron and his colleagues reveals a second mechanism whereby chronic dopamine affects the brain, perhaps indefinitely. The Duke team's previous work suggested that the regulatory protein beta-arrestin 2, normally involved in desensitization of receptor signals, is required for norma...

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