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Tag: "revealed" at biology news

Ancient amphibians evolved a bite before migrating to dry land

...utures of the early amphibian species Acanthostega revealed that, while it had many adaptations to an aquatic lifestyle, it was more likely a biter than a sucker," Markey says. "The analysis suggests that amphibians evolved a bite before emerging onto land as fully terrestrial animals." ...

New cell type identified in cancer development

...ey grew and spread. Additional experiments revealed that the piwil2 gene may exclusively regulate the process of pCSC development. Gao says these data suggest some important characteristics of pCSCs. "First, it appears that pCSCs require some sort of signal, or cue, from their immediate environ...

Cartilage discovery offers arthritis hope

Scientists have revealed the intricate structure of cartilage in what they hope will provide clues to how the crippling joint disease osteoarthritis might one day be treated. The disease, which affects more than five million people in the UK, is caused by the wear and tear ...

Protein overexpression at heart of heart failure

...n individual L-VDCCs from failing human heart have revealed an increased single-channel activity but the mechanism for this biophysical phenotype has remained unknown.3,4 In a paper in this week’s PLoS ONE, Roger Hullin of the Swiss Heart Center Bern, Jan Matthes of University of Cologne, Germany, and collab...

Scientists sequence genome of parasite responsible for common sexually transmitted infection

...the parasite's metabolism. The decoded genome also revealed 800 genes for surface proteins that likely enable T. vaginalis to adhere to cells in the urinary and genital tracts and cause infection. Additionally, the researchers were able to analyze proteins thought to be linked to the parasite's hydrogenosome-...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

...folding diseases." Interestingly, the new study revealed that yeast prion protein Sup35 lacks a specific, static structure in its native collapsed state. Instead, the compact protein fluctuates among several different structures before forming intermediate shapes during the amyloid assembly process. Th...

Tracing broken wiring in stroke patients

... similar tests on healthy volunteers. The study revealed new details about how functional connectivity within and between different regions of the "attention networks" in the parietal cortex of the brain was disrupted in the brains of the stroke patients. The study also enabled new insights into how this d...

Is there a pilot in the insect?

...sité de la Méditerranée) in Marseille, France have revealed an automatic mechanism called the "optic flow regulator" that controls the lift force. The researchers obtained these results by modeling the overland flight navigation of insects using experiments carried out on OCTAVE, a captive flying robot microh...

Instruction manual for creating a molecular nose

... the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry recently revealed a technique for integrating membrane proteins into artificial structures. Membrane proteins have several important functions in the cell, one of which is to act as receptors, passing on signals from molecules in the air, for example, to the cell inte...

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

...mals' sleep pattern later. Their studies in mice revealed that the amino acid change associated with FASPS, which alters the charge of the residue, alters the ability of PER2 to regulate its own transcription. PER2 presumably manages such regulation through interaction with other proteins since it doesn't b...

World's largest flower evolved from family of much tinier blooms

...meter. "The power of nucleic acid comparisons is revealed as well as ever in this stunning deduction," says noted botanist Peter H. Raven, president of the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis, who was not involved in this research. "The massive increase in flower size is one of the most significant among...

Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era

...searchers discovered that the skull of Yanoconodon revealed a middle ear structure that is an intermediate step between those of modern mammals and those of near relatives of mammals, also known as mammaliaforms. "This new fossil offers a rare insight in the evolutionary origin of the mammalian ear structu...

Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development

...i, M.D. "NIH researchers and their colleagues have revealed a gap in HIV's armor and have thereby opened a new...could be targets of drugs or vaccines, but it also revealed the extent of HIV's overlapping defenses. For example, scientists subsequently learned that CD4-gp12...

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

...otentially leading to new treatments. The research revealed that people with type-2 diabetes have a mutation in a particular zinc transporter known as SLC30A8, which is involved in regulating insulin secretion. Type-2 diabetes is associated with a deficiency in insulin and the researchers believe it may be po...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...odel, using detailed biochemical experiments which revealed that Stn1 and Ten1 behave just like their counterparts in the conventional RPA complex. However, Stn1 and Ten1 have the same predilection for single-stranded telomeric DNA as Cdc13, thereby helping to ensure that this complex only targets chromosome ...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...vity or resistance to Tykerb, and the results have revealed several sensitizing drug targets that reveal a set of candidate combination drugs that are predicted to be synergistic with Tykerb." Tykerb is an enzyme inhibitor that effectively blocks two cell receptors, ERBB2 and EGFR, from receiving molecul...

Proteins important in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease travel in the slow lane

...s for transport. Surprisingly, the videos also revealed that multiple slow proteins are transported together as "packets," essentially piggy-backing on each other, possibly on the same specialized proteins called molecular motors. "It makes sense when you think about it ?why would the neurons spend so muc...

Racing neurons control whether we stop or go

...al. "Applying the model to children’s behavior revealed that stop signal task times are significantly longer in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders than in other children," he said. The model has been widely accepted and has also been used to explain cognitive problems in people...

Twin studies reveal genetic components leading to cardiac and kidney disease

...ty and Kidney Disease The same twin pool study revealed the influence of heredity on renal protein (albumin) excretion. Excretion of the protein albumin in urine is one sign of kidney disease, which can be a complication of diabetes. "Normally kidneys filter the blood to rid the body of accumulated t...

Researchers find 6,000-year-old fossil evidence

...work in the Bahamas, Panama, Ecuador and Peru also revealed the same unknown starch grain. After studying the starches of many domesticated and wild plants, Perry determined that the mystery starch was a chili pepper. "We knew from historic and ethnographic records that people were eating domesticated chil...

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