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Tag: "responses" at biology news

Soil nutrition affects carbon sequestration in forests

...- can greatly increase growth rate and wood growth responses to elevated atmospheric CO2." The studies took place at a Free Air Carbon Enrichment (FACE) study established by the U.S. Department of Energy on the Duke Forest in Durham, NC. In FACE studies, groups of trees are circled by rings of towers that p...

World-wide warning of highly drug-resistant tuberculosis

...tings and the community. Dr Lawn says several responses to this problem are required including urgent assessment of the scale of the problem and an increase in laboratory capacity. "Detection rates for cases of tuberculosis need to be improved, highlighting the need for a new diagnostic test," he writes...

Experimental vaccine protects mice against deadly 1918 flu virus

...ds to determine whether they would generate immune responses to the 1918 virus. The researchers found significant responses both in terms of production of T-cells, the white blood cells critical in the immune system's battle...

Common cold virus leads to death in lung transplant patients

...ggest that rhinoviruses may induce proinflammatory responses in lung cells independent of viral replication, replication is almost certainly required for a maximal response. However, until the present report, which includes positive bronchoalveolar cultures and lung immunochemistry, incontrovertible evidence o...

Effective HIV control may depend on viral protein targeted by immune cells

...ein have lower viral levels than do those with CD8 responses directed against other viral proteins. The report... in Nature Medicine. "Understanding which immune responses are effective in control of HIV is of critical importance in vaccine development," says Philip Gould...

Bitter taste identifies poisons in foods

...plete picture describing individual differences in responses to actual foods at multiple levels: evolutionary, genetic, receptor, and perceptual. "The sense of taste enables us to detect bitter toxins within foods, and genetically-based differences in our bitter taste receptors affect how we each perceive foo...

Researchers find docking sites for glucocorticoid receptor and Hsp90

...nch of physiological activities and functions, and responses are very different depending on the cells involved. The treatments are extremely effective, and glucocorticoids have been used in huge amounts in the last 40 years. Unfortunately, they are associated with very severe side effects. " Side effects i...

Quality not quantity important for immune response to HIV

...is might not be the case. While most of the immune responses generated against HIV appear to be ineffective, responses targeting one particular HIV protein can bring about control of the virus." About 40 million peop...

Emotional control circuit of brain's fear response discovered

...oy a processing mechanism to prioritize and refine responses –we don't run away from every loud sound or unexpected sight," said Dr. Hirsch. "Following the discovery of the amygdala's role in fear response, we decided to explore the finer points of the neurocircuitry of fear ?how it is regulated/controlled in...

New technology used to construct the first map of structural variation in the human genome

...als and ethnic populations, including differential responses to drugs and environmental stimuli. Mechanisms underlying the formation of CNVs also provide insight into evolutionary processes and human origins. Using microarray technology, scientists can scan for CNVs across the genome in a single experiment...

Insulin receptor stops progression of Alzheimer's disease

...n of a receptor in the brain that controls insulin responses has been shown to halt or diminish the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease, providing evidence that the disease can be treated in its early stages, according to a study by researchers at Rhode Island Hospital and Brown Medical School. Research...

Paying attention sets off symphony of cell synchronization

... dim. At other times they were quite bright. EEG responses from the participants showed more brain activity for brighter stimuli, as expected, but responses also varied depending on attention. The patterns of these brain waves allowed the investigators to o...

St. Jude finds clues to hearing loss from chemotherapy

...mice from 285 families using an auditory brainstem responses test. This test determines whether a particular mouse can respond to high frequencies by recording electrical activity from the hearing nerve and other parts of the brain in response to brief, high-frequency sounds. The team identified 17 families th...

International team analyzes human genetic variation in key immune region

...o use to find genes affecting health, disease, and responses to medications," said senior author Dr. John D. Rioux, PhD, who is associate professor of medicine at the UdeM and at the MHI where he works as a researcher and director of the Laboratory in Genetics and Genomic Medicine of Inflammation ( www.inflamm...

A transplant in time

...s T cells ?cells responsible for the severe immune responses against the recipient known as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Reisner and his team revived the idea, with a twist. Over the past several years, he and members of his lab have been experimenting with tissue transplanted from pig embryos ?a poss...

Inflammation markers identify fatigue in breast cancer survivors

...r Research. The key to their fatigue stems from responses within their immune systems. "These studies iden...iological chemical that helps drive initial immune responses within people. "IL-6 contributes to an activation of monocytes in the blood, and enables antigen pre...

Study of gene transfer for erectile dysfunction shows promise

...naire that is commonly used to measure ED. Patient responses were validated by their partners. Researchers identified no safety issues with the treatment. Participants who received the highest two doses had apparent sustained improvements in ED as measured by the questionnaire. The researchers said that a l...

New mechanism explains glucose effect on wakefulness

...proteins in the cell membrane that affect cellular responses by controlling the flow of potassium into the cell...ibility that, besides being important for adaptive responses to starvation, modulation of orexin cells by glucose has a much wider behavioral role, contributing ...

Parasitic plants sniff out hosts

...d host and a bad host. The researchers examined responses to some of the individual compounds released by host plants. Of seven compounds tested from tomato, three caused a directional growth response in dodder. One of these chemicals is also released by wheat, which might explain why wheat is somewhat att...

Epstein-Barr virus might kick-start multiple sclerosis

...with Epstein Barr virus, showed increased antibody responses to certain EBV proteins in previous studies, Lünem...ecent investigations have shown that such enhanced responses occur years before onset of clinical symptoms of MS," he noted, indicating that EBV plays an importa...

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