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Tag: "responses" at biology news

Manipulating nature: Scientists query wildlife birth-control method

...etic capacity of a wild population to mount immune responses should not be permitted. "The third concern is that animals are suffering side-effects from multiple injections and adjuvant substances (catalysts that modify the action of other agents) designed to boost the effectiveness of immuno-contraceptives...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

... vaccines that can induce specific types of immune responses in patients, rather than inducing a broad range of immune responses - some of which may be detrimental or may induce tumor relapse," said lead investigator, Masoud H. M...

ATR checkpoint-activating DNA structure

...ntrol, quantitative and probe checkpoint signaling responses in unprecedented ways." Using Xenopus egg extracts as a cell-free system, the researchers found that single-stranded DNA annealed with primers specifically triggers the ATR-mediated checkpoint response. While many proteins involved in the DNA dama...

Biologists develop large gene dataset for rice plant

...with other important biological processes, such as responses to stress," Meyers said. "Many of small RNAs in rice have related sequences in the many important cereal crop plants, including maize and wheat." Research on small RNAs "is a leading edge in plant biotechnology," said Machi Dilworth, Director of t...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...vent cancer; rather, they are used to boost immune responses to preexisting tumors. Unlike traditional chemotherapy, vaccines have relatively low toxicity and, potentially, a high degree of efficacy. To date, these vaccines have rarely been designed to directly stimulate one of the body's most critical immune...

Wheat can fatally starve insect predators

...el increase in lectin. This shows that wheat plant responses to these insects are localized and take less energy than a more global resistance response. "Figuring out some of the ways that a plant is able to respond to insects with resistance will be useful in crop breeding programs," Williams said. "We're ...

Cancer vaccines -- Taking a jab at cancer by stimulating the immune system

...ses three different p53-derived peptides to elicit responses from different aspects of immune system. The vaccine currently in trial uses autologous (patients?own) dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with a combination of three peptides: two that trigger cytotoxic T cells, which directly kill targeted tumor cells, and...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...es could aid in identifying similar biomarkers for responses to other drugs and for other types of cancer. "...analyses of primary tumors. By correlating the responses of these cells to targeted therapeutic drugs, the researchers were able to identify the molecular ch...

Erectile dysfunction in diabetes is due to selective defect in the brain

...rchers hypothesized that the blunted NMDA mediated responses in diabetes reflects an impaired NO mechanism with...d the effect of L-NMMA on NMDA mediated behavioral responses in normal rats; experiment two measured behavioral responses to NMDA or sodium nitroprusside (SNP), ...

Neural bottleneck found that thwarts multi-tasking

... eight possible images. Different senses and motor responses were enlisted in order to ensure that any interference between the two tasks was not specific to a particular sensory or motor modality, but instead originated at a central information-processing bottleneck. The results revealed that the central b...

A steady, high-fat diet is bad, but the news gets worse

...urnal of Nutrition, the study looked at the stress responses of two groups of students: one group consumed a fa... and that exaggerated and prolonged cardiovascular responses to stress are associated with high blood pressure in the future. So when we learn that even a single...

Microfluidic chip helps solve cellular mating puzzle

... functions. First, it helped cells diversify their responses at low pheromone concentrations, so that only a small fraction of cells might engage in "expensive" mating behavior, which consumes a lot of cellular resources. Second, in the cells that were attempting to mate, Kss1 improved the precision of finding...

Hay fever can send work productivity down the drain

...r treatment. The researchers placed participant responses into one of three groups: 240 patients received care from a family physician; 172 patients saw an allergist for treatment; and 165 chose to self-manage their symptoms (most of the patients in this latter group had been formally tested for allergies b...

Williams College biologist explores photosynthetic apparatus

...al conditions. She will also examine the molecular responses and mechanisms triggered by changes in environmental factors, such as light and temperature. It is critical in the context of potential global climate changes to understand the effects of temperature on the photosynthetic capabilities of this ecologi...

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

...t tumor phenotypes," said Jacks. "In lymphomas the responses were rapid, extensive and were accompanied by the induction of apoptosis. In the sarcomas, the response was less rapid often less extensive and was not accompanied by apoptosis. Instead the cells underwent cell cycle arrest with features of senescenc...

Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV

...V-1 strains. These immunogens should elicit immune responses against high frequency viral strains as well as against most mutant forms of the virus. ...

Does a peptide affect the heart's response to social isolation?

... has found that it can prevent detrimental cardiac responses in adult female animals exposed to social isolatio...r oxytocin plays a role in the heart’s detrimental responses to social isolation. The Study: Summary of Methodology Adult female prairie voles were placed...

Breathing easy: When it comes to oxygen, a bug's life is full of it

...alo Alto, California, will speak on “Developmental responses to hypoxia in the insect tracheal system.?Krasnow has studied the development of the tracheal system in the embryo fruit fly, noting how cells form into trachea, and how trachea branch to smaller trachea and eventually connect to form the tracheal ne...

MIT bioengineer advances survival, promise of adult stem cells

...tethered to the surface it elicited different cell responses than it did when given to cells in the usual soluble form," Griffith said. "When tethered, it protected the cells from being killed by pro-death inflammatory signals. The soluble version of the factor did not protect cells." So far all of the expe...

The great escape -- fleeing fish fall in line

...stimulation and used a high speed camera to record responses in schools of ten grey mullet each. Individuals w... indicating that the chronological order of escape responses within a school is maintained in successive startle events. Head of the research group Dr Paolo ...

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