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Tag: "responses" at biology news

Dealing deadly cancers a knockout punch

...nti-cancer drugs, providing significantly stronger responses than either agent alone. In addition, other studies completed in the past year have shown Reolysin has the ability to prime patients' immune systems against their particular cancer, leading to additional cancer cell killing. It is through this s...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

... is complex, and how different HIV-specific immune responses help to control infection is only partially unders...nated. Vaccines that induce strong cellular immune responses may have some benefits, say the authors. In non-human primate models of HIV infection, T-cell vaccin...

Discovery of 'master switch' for the communication process between chloroplast and nuclei of plants

...scientists, who hope that understanding the stress responses of plants will, in time, lead to new generations of plants that are, among other things, more drought- and stress-tolerant. That is why a study that appeared in the internationally recognized journal, "Science," is considered an important step forw...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

... between different hosts, and analyze human immune responses to influenza vaccination and infection. The resear...mmunological studies to better define human immune responses to influenza vaccination and infection. Additionally, the center will study how flu viruses adapt to...

Out-of-body experiences may be caused by arousal system disturbances in brain

... near death experience. Near death experiences are responses to a life-threatening crisis, and are characterized by a combination of disassociation from the physical body, euphoria and transcendental or mystical elements. This investigation supports the notion of out-of-body experiences as an expression of ...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...nderstanding the complexity of antioxidant defense responses during interaction between Hessian flies and wheat, he said. It may also be applicable to other insect-plant interactions. Hessian flies have been in the United States for more than 200 years, apparently accidentally introduced by German mercenari...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

..."Plants have Nod-like receptors and similar immune responses to bacteria and other pathogens-the R proteins evo...ganisms. Once activated, Nod1 produces a number of responses that include activation of intracellular signaling pathways, cytokine production and apoptosis or pr...

New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza

...jor strains of influenza viruses are known, immune responses concentrate on limited regions of certain parts of... to a variety of epitopes, or methodically predict responses to as-yet untested targets," says Alessandro Sette, Ph.D., who heads the Vaccine Discovery division ...

Woven scaffolds could improve cartilage repair

...e patients, there are no worries of adverse immune responses or disease transmission. "The scaffold will give surgeons the opportunity to treat their patients immediately, while patients won't have to wait for months with their painful joint," Guilak said. Most machines that produce fabrics weave one set...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...ues] have elegantly demonstrated that hypothalamic responses to food deprivation involve at least three hormones, two cell types, and an unexpected interlocutor, uncoupling protein 2." ...

Stress may help cancer cells resist treatment, research shows

...t may be important for patients who have increased responses to stress to learn to manage the effects," said Kulik. "And, the results point to the possibility of developing an intervention to block the effects of epinephrine." Kulik is now studying blood samples of prostate cancer patients to determine if t...

Bacterial walls come tumbling down

...range of biochemical reactions, including allergic responses and cell signaling in cancer. ...

NIAID DNA vaccine for H5N1 avian influenza enters human trial

... responses." NIAID researchers will measure immune responses to the vaccine, assess its safety, and compare its potency to more traditional vaccine approaches. ...

When your brain talks, your muscles don't always listen

...ontrol during precision tasks, and slowed physical responses contribute to more falls as people grow older," Knight said. Knight and co-author Gary Kamen, who directs the Exercise Neuroscience Laboratory at the University of Massachusetts, recently published the results of a study on motor-unit firing rates...

Africa's first large-scale HIV vaccine study launches

... found to be safe and to stimulate cellular immune responses against HIV in more than half of volunteers. Merck Research Laboratories developed the test vaccine that is based on an adenovirus -- a common cold virus that has been modified so that it cannot cause a cold in humans or be passed from person to pe...

Anthrax attack posed greater potential threat than thought

...ed to be at minimal risk of exposure showed immune responses suggesting they had been exposed. The research...prospectively studied clinical outcomes and immune responses in 123 subjects including 83 people who were nearby when the letter containing the anthrax spores wa...

Gene elevating breast cancer risk also causes prostate cancer

... in its ability to support the kinds of DNA damage responses in which PALB2 normally participates. The mutation was further also investigated in 1,918 specimens from an unselected series of Finnish breast cancer individuals. This study revealed 18 mutation-positive individuals, about one per cent of the studie...

Reading hidden intentions in the human brain

...elated responses, or bearing in mind the choice of responses available. To address the question of whether intention might be reflected in prefrontal cortical activity, the researchers in the new work used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity while subjects concentrated on t...

Wired for sound: How the brain senses visual illusions

...ts measured event-related potentials (ERPs), brain responses that are directly related to the perceptual experiences induced by sensory stimuli, using an electrophysiological or EEG recording procedure that measures electrical activity of the brain through the skull. "In subjects who reported seeing a sec...

Penn study on olfactory nerve cells shows why we smell better when we sniff

... "It helps the brain make better sense out of odor responses when it integrates airflow information. We still don't know how it happens, but sniffing is essential for odor perception." ...

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