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Tag: "responses" at biology news

St. Jude study solves mystery of mammalian ears

...ir cells. The researchers then tested the animals’ responses to sound. Results of the studies showed no alteration in hearing, which suggested that it did not matter whether the outer hair cells contracted or extended itself, that is, raised or lowered the cilia. There was no effect on amplification. The res...

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

...r understanding of how immune system genes control responses to infections should help us to design better treatments and more effective vaccines." Added Haynes: "CHAVI was designed to do big science, and the results of this analysis represent just the first of what should be many advances. The technology use...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...k provides evidence that blocking all inflammatory responses in Alzheimer’s disease is not an ideal therapy,” added Shaftel. “This might hinder processes that are beneficial and part of the body’s adaptive response to fight plaques.” The new findings hinge on a very special mouse that Shaftel spent three ye...

Pregnant mom's exposure to flu vaccine kick-starts fetal immune system

... technique to study cord blood B and T cell immune responses following maternal vaccination against influenza w... reported in the study establish that B and T cell responses to antigens occur in utero following maternal vaccination against influenza, supporting the theory t...

The insect vector always bites twice

...o now dealt with mainly from the angle of allergic responses to bites or in the search for veterinary vaccines, constitutes now an important research path for new surveillance and prevention strategies. ...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

... setting off a chain of inflammatory and metabolic responses to consumption of fatty foods. Some of those effec...t triggers the inflammatory and insulin-resistance responses to fatty diets. As an "added bonus," commented Hotamisligil, the drug also exerted a marked prote...

Genetic factors are linked to fever following smallpox vaccination

...genetically determined differences in their immune responses compared to those who do not. They studied 346 ind...inary step in understanding the variations in host responses to vaccines, and notes that further studies will need to replicate these findings, and to test other...

454 sequencing identifies HIV drug resistance at early stage

...ant HIV strains which will lead to better clinical responses in patients.” While treatment of HIV has been largely successful, with dramatic increases in survival over the last decade, a significant number of patients develop drug resistance shortly after treatment is initiated. The collaboration between 45...

Marine phytoplankton changes form to protect itself from different predators

...That’s a pretty dramatic difference.” Defensive responses are often seen in higher plants, but this is believed to be the first report of such a complex and species-specific response in marine phytoplankton. Hay suspects scientists may find other examples of complex defensive strategies when they look more...

Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain

... in the amygdala. They then compared participants’ responses on the mindfulness questionnaire with the results of the labeling study. “We found the more mindful you are, the more activation you have in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the less activation you have in the amygdala,” Creswell said...

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

...olved to persist in the host by evading the immune responses either by hiding or by misdirecting the host’s imm...said Spector. These viruses persist because immune responses generated by the viral infection are not able to eradicate the virus....

Mule deer moms rescue other fawns

...e recorded distress calls of fawns, similar to the responses elicited when coyotes attack fawns, with mule deer mothers responding to both whitetail and mule deer calls, even when their own fawn stood next to them. In contrast, the whitetail mothers responded only to their own species' call, and only when they...

How brain pacemakers erase diseased messages

...The model's findings closely parallel the clinical responses of patients, who typically experience the greatest relief from symptoms when their devices are tuned by physicians to deliver rapid pulses, Grill said. Patients' symptoms can actually worsen when the devices are dialed to a slower setting. The int...

Resistant HIV quickly hides in infants' cells

...known concerning how such transmission affects the responses of infants to various drug treatments. The study, conducted by Deborah Persaud, MD, of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and colleagues working throughout the United States, analyzed HIV-infected infants less than six months of age enr...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...es off. Learning how this pathway affects cellular responses may provide clues for improving cellular health in diseases affecting muscle and other cell types. "In addition to muscle, this regulatory circuit is present in brain and heart tissue, where it also seems to control cell survival," said Marc Mont...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

... pain in response to extreme cold, as evidenced by responses similar to wild type mice when exposed to -1° C cold plates. This suggests that other genes are responsible for this facet of cold sensation. Though cold can be unpleasant or painful under certain circumstances, it can also deaden pain, as illustr...

Keeping the immune system from starting a 'food fight'

...as a critical factor to prevent overt inflammatory responses during everyday nutrient fluctuations or condition...lls, a lack of STAMP2 led to aberrant inflammatory responses to both nutrients and acute inflammatory stimuli, they reported. Similarly, they showed that the ...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...elopment of nerves, vision, DNA imprinting, stress responses and key immune system genes. "We actually have quite a lot in common with corals, though it might not appear so," Professor Miller says. "For example, we have been amazed at how many of the genes involved in innate immunity in man are present in c...

Traumas like Sept. 11 make brains more reactive to fear

...ay, but they may, indeed, be having more sensitive responses to upsetting stimuli," said Elise Temple, a co-author and assistant professor of human development at Cornell. More than half the population experiences trauma, which makes people more likely to develop PTSD, depression, anxiety and physical illnes...

Study shows continued success for new HPV vaccine against virus responsible for cervical cancer

...s, "young women, young girls make very good immune responses to this vaccine, so that will enhance their protection." Researchers believe the vaccine will be effective in lowering a girl's lifetime risk of cervical cancer. To that end Merck launched the national "One Less" campaign last year, which encoura...

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