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Tag: "response" at biology news

Researchers discover way to make cells in the eye sensitive to light

...anopsin were exposed to low light, their pupillary response was thesame as normal mice, but when they were exposed to bright light theirpupil constriction was incomplete.The researchers believe that while not a cure for blindness, thefindings could lead to therapies for treating some forms of blindness,such a...

Dysentery uses 'sword and shield' to cause infection

...ntery, is able to invade cells, while stopping any response from the immune system. They found that shigella was able to infect cells by using a secretion system to inject proteins into human cells, (the sword), while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the surface of the bacteria acts as a shield to protect the dys...

Topical treatment shown to inhibit HIV and herpes simplex virus infection

... to assess whether or not there is an inflammatory response after repeated applications." ...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

...creas's ability to later secrete enough insulin in response to blood glucose. "The bottom line is that if you... energy. Normally, insulin levels rise or drop in response to glucose levels, keeping everything in balance. But diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder with ...

Current human embryonic stem cell lines contaminated UCSD/Salk team finds

...ncentrations of anti-Neu5Gc antibodies, the immune response wassignificantly reduced, but not completely eliminated.In their experiments, the researchers used recently developed probes todetect the presence of Neu5Gc on the cell surface of human embryonicstem cells that had been grown in traditional culture c...

Newly discovered virus linked to childhood lung disorders and Kawasaki disease

...g; recent studies have described a powerful immune response inthe respiratory tract and other organs in acute cases of Kawasakidisease, suggesting the involvement of a specific microbe, which mayenter the body through the respiratory tract; finally, as the emergenceof SARS illustrates, coronaviruses "are capa...

Inflammatory molecules released by pollen trigger allergies

... in the pollen extracts that caused the inhibitory response and showed that it was similar to certain pro-inflammatory molecules produced in the body in response to injury or infection. The authors now plan to assess whether cells from allergy-prone people are m...

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

..., theresearchers said.Until now, however, a cell's response to iron deprivation was poorlyunderstood. In the Duke study, Thiele and his Duke colleagues at theSarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center demonstrated that theactivity of more than 80 different genes was dramatically reduced inresponse to ir...

NYU Study Reveals How Brain's Immune System Fights Viral Encephalitis

...show the redundancy of the immune system--when one response fails to fight infection, others step in." The st...ns--proteins made by the body that are released in response to stimuli, notably infection--work in neurons and to determine if nerve cells' response to interfer...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

...ewly emerging viral RNA called the transactivation response element (TAR). Once bound, Tat recruits a cellular complex called P-TEFb (consisting of two subunits) to the HIV promoter, and enhances RNA polymerase's transcribing capacity. Previous studies in yeast had shown that activators appear to stimulate tr...

New imaging method gives early indication if brain cancer therapy is effective, U-M study shows

...ffusion values to accurately predict the treatment response early on could allow some patients to switch to a more beneficial therapy and avoid the side effects of a prolonged and ineffective treatment," said Brian Ross, Ph.D., professor of radiology and biological chemistry at the U-M Medical School and a me...

Gene variations explain drug dose required to control seizures

...erences between patients do influence variation in response to anti-epileptic drugs for patients with epilepsy...of particular importance for understanding patient response to drug treatment, said the researchers, noting that many other anti-epilepsy drugs act on related b...

Muscle-targeted gene therapy reverses rare muscular dystrophy in mice

... deficient, therapeutic proteins invokes an immune response that limits the efficacy of the treatment," said D...pression of introduced genes to muscle, the immune response can be prevented or attenuated." The muscle-targeted gene therapy might therefore apply to other fo...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...k the distribution of nutrients in poplar trees in response to a simulated insect attack. The research provide... acid, a chemical messenger that plants produce in response to various types of stress, onto the leaves of poplar trees in a closed chamber. They then administe...

In the sea slug's defense against lobsters, confusion is key

...ts normal behavioral control system and a confused response that facilitates the slug's ultimate escape. The team of researchers conducting the study, Cynthia Kicklighter, Zeni Shabani, and Paul Johnson, led by Charles Derby of Georgia State University, discovered that in addition to containing unpalatable, ...

Vital step in cellular migration described by UCSD medical researchers

...during growth, tissue repair and the body's immune response to invading pathogens, has been demonstrated by researchers in the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine. Published in the March 27 online edition of Nature Cell Biology and the journal's upcoming April print edition, the stud...

Gene Vaccine Protects Mice Against Development Of Her2/neu Breast Cancer

...trategy that seems to elicit a completeimmunologic response against HER2/neu,?says the study’s lead author,Law...as antigens,?Lachman says.What results is a strong response against HER2/neu that incorporatesall three arms of the immune system ¯ B cell, T cell and natural k...

A comprehensive response to HIV could prevent 10 million AIDS deaths in Africa by 2020

...trategy that seems to elicit a completeimmunologic response against HER2/neu,?says the study’s lead author,Law...as antigens,?Lachman says.What results is a strong response against HER2/neu that incorporatesall three arms of the immune system ¯ B cell, T cell and natural k...

Studies reveal methods viruses use to sidestep immune system

...ein called a protease to disrupt the cell's immune response that is otherwise turned on through RIG-I by the virus infection. The viral protease, NS3/4A, chops up essential signaling proteins involved in carrying RIG-I's message to IRF-3. Without those signals, IRF-3 can't turn on the genes to make interferon...

Alcohol's effects on gene expression in the central nervous system

...osomal regions that influence alcohol drinking and response to alcohol." # Intracranial self-administration of ethanol into the posterior ventral tegmental area (VTA) of alcohol-preferring rats produced results suggesting that the reinforcing effects of alcohol are activating VTA dopamine neurons and produci...

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