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Tag: "required" at biology news

Secret sex life of killer fungus?

... genome revealed the presence of a series of genes required for sexual reproduction. In the new study, the researchers report that the analysis of a worldwide collection of 290 specimens of the fungus revealed nearly equal proportions of two different sexes, or "mating types," which in theory could have sex ...

Helping in a selfish world

...shine. "We think that unrelated individuals may be required to "pay more" by doing more work than related individuals in order to be allowed access and enjoy the benefits of being part of a group." Using a combination of laboratory experiments and underwater field observations in Lake Tanganyika (Zambia), St...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

... work by Rockman's team identified PI(3)K as being required for beta-adrenergic receptors to be drawn back into the cell for recycling once they have been activated. Those studies showed that increases in PI(3)K underlie the loss of beta-adrenergic receptors in animals and patients with heart failure, Rockman...

Results of world's first gene therapy trial for arthritis show approach safe, feasible

... tissue was removed from the additional joint that required surgery. Cells from the tissue were then cultured for several weeks, after which time half the cells had the IL-1 Ra gene inserted and half remained untreated. Six to seven weeks later, following extensive laboratory screening of the genetically modi...

Progress on HIV/AIDS significant but insufficient

...and wrecking entire societies. The global response required that several milestones be met: world leaders should give AIDS the same level of attention as they gave to global security; universal access to prevention and treatment must be ensured; money must be made to work for people on the ground; long-term s...

Life's origins were easier than was thought

...cent analysis into the minimum number of DNA genes required to constitute bacteria, the most simple organism t... proteins to be produced) work, which would not be required in RNA-based organism. ...

Variant prion protein causes infection but no symptoms

...protein clumps In either case, more time might be required to produce disease due to the reduced toxicity, Dr. Chesebro says. "There was so much about this research that surprised us and gave us ideas to pursue," says Dr. Chesebro. "First, the mice didn't get sick. That's very significant. Second, the dense...

Trio of plant genes prevent 'too many mouths'

A signaling pathway required for plants to grow to their normal size appears to... a trio of genes that code for signaling receptors required for normal plant height. The scientists were working on a basic understanding of plant growth as pa...

Cells direct membrane traffic by channel width

...to create a hydrophobic or semi-hydrophobic lining required for glycerol passage. Success in doing so could have created new targets for drug therapies. However, it turns out, the amino acids are the same around both channels, Tajkhorshid said. So his team now is looking beyond the amino acids directly linin...

Green diesel: New process makes liquid transportation fuel from plants

... to make ethanol." About 67 percent of the energy required to make ethanol is consumed in fermenting and distilling corn. As a result, ethanol production creates 1.1 units of energy for every unit of energy consumed. In the UW-Madison process, the desired alkanes spontaneously separate from water. No additio...

NYU biologists map out early stages of embryo formation

...ng a relatively small number of molecular machines required for proper early embryonic development in C. elegans," said Fabio Piano, an assistant professor in NYU's Department of Biology, who headed the research team. "This may also be the case for human embryogenesis. The diagrams linking all these genes rev...

miRNAs and musculature

...at, in Drosophila embryos, mir-1 expression is not required for mesodermal cell fate decisions or cell proliferation during embryogenesis, but rather, that it appears to act to reinforce and maintain cell identity during times of rapid growth. The authors find that, as in zebrafish, mouse and humans, Dmir-1...

Lactose intolerance linked to ancestral environment

...ican descent -- stop producing lactase, the enzyme required to digest milk, as they mature. People of northern European descent, however, tend to retain the ability to produce the enzyme and drink milk throughout life. Sherman and former Cornell undergraduate student Gabrielle Bloom '03, now a graduate stude...

NASA satellite data provides rapid analysis of Amazon deforestation

...eduction in effort in comparison to the months now required with Landsat," said Douglas Morton, scientist at the University of Maryland-College Park and lead author of the new study. Deforestation rates in tropical Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America have remained constant or have increased over the pa...

Scientists discover genetic pathway responsible for breast cancer cell growth

...udy, the researchers found that the FOXA1 gene was required for the estrogen receptor to activate the growth of breast cancer cells. "By inactivating the FOXA1 gene in laboratory cell cultures, we were able to block the growth-inducing effect of estogen, and thus halt the growth of breast cancer cells," says...

Brain networks change according to cognitive task

...by different brain regions in the network that are required for any cognitive task. These techniques examining effective connectivity enable us to learn how the brain changes its interconnectivity according to the task at hand." The Northwestern researchers also propose to explain the role of each brain regi...

Survey Uncovers Surprising Attitudes Towards HIV Vaccine Research

...y Syndromes. “Tens of thousands of volunteers are required for the more than 30 HIV vaccine clinical trials currently planned or under way,?says NIAID director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. “It is essential that current and future trials involve volunteers from diverse communities to enable us to find a vaccine tha...

Neurotransmitters signal aggressive cancer, offer potential for early diagnosis

... the human genes that give rise to the key enzymes required to produce these metabolites were invariably switched on the poor prognosis but not the good prognosis tumor groups." "Most people understand the revolution in medicine to be a DNA-centered search for mutations in genes that cause disease. This stud...

New results validating Pall prion reduction filter disclosed at ISBT Congress

...ng accurate and reliable tests that would meet the required criteria including sensitivity and specificity. The implementation of donor screening would be problematic without the availability of confirmatory assays to inform discussions with potentially infected donors. Prion Reduction Confirmed Sam Coker, ...

Researcher at UGA College of Veterinary Medicine identifies new way of combating viral diseases

...dentified a cellular protein called Rab9 ?a factor required for viruses to reproduce in a cell.Disrupting Rab9 prevented the replication of four different viruses ?Marburg, Ebola, HIV-1, and measles viruses. "We believe that interfering with the Rab9 pathway interferes with the ability of the viruses to exit...

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