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Tag: "replicating" at biology news

Computers to be used to find blueprint for new influenza drug

... could stop influenza and some other diseases from replicating in humans. The announcement of the grant comes at a time when fears are rising that an influenza outbreak developing from Asian chickens could kill thousands of people. Professor Ian Williams, of the Department of Chemistry, will begin work in Apri...

Live Recombinant Adenovirus Vaccine Technique Explored

...searchers believe their process for constructing a replicating live recombinant adenovirus could lead to more eco...n some recombinants. Dr. Ketner believes that the replicating live recombinant adenovirus model shows promise as a means of developing economical and long-lasting...

Color-blind method opens new doors in DNA sequencing

...le size of thousands of nucleotides. Using natural replicating enzymes, the DNA is tagged with four fluorescent dyes, each corresponding to a particular nucleotide. This tagging process, called Sanger sequencing, results in smaller DNA fragments, which are then separated base-by-base. Because the DNA fragments a...

Viral protein influences key cell-signaling pathway

...lacked the p12 gene, and it stopped the virus from replicating almost entirely. "That told us this gene was important," he says. Subsequent research led by Lairmore showed that the p12 protein travels to the network of membranes within the cell known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Among other things...

Researchers identify protein crucial for survival of Lyme-disease bacterium

...Norgard said. "But certainly it prevents them from replicating in the manner that they should to sustain the numbers needed to move from the midgut to the salivary glands. We don't understand the mechanism for that yet, and that will be the next step in our research." Further study of the function of the BptA p...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...everse transcriptase protein that is important for replicating the AIDS virus. Feigon's laboratory has been working on the RNA. "It is a dream of mine to figure out what this RNA is doing with the protein," Feigon said. "Reverse transcriptases normally copy RNA to DNA, but do not contain RNA; in this enzyme, th...

Defensins Ward Off HIV In Two Ways

... when the virus is taken up by the cell and begins replicating itself and integrating into the host. The authors also show that the way alpha-defensin-1 blocks HIV infection in cells is by inhibiting a CD4+ cell-signaling molecule called PKC. The finding that alpha-defensin-1 acts on both the virus and the cell...

Random gene expression may drive HIV into hiding

...e blood cells, but, in some cells, the virus stops replicating and becomes dormant. Researchers have long puzzled...V makes the "decision" to become latent or to keep replicating in a certain cell. "Most of the other groups studying the molecular mechanisms of HIV latency were ...

Study shows humans have ability to track odors, much like bloodhounds

...ince then, however, scientists have had difficulty replicating his experiments, according to Sobel. One explanation for this failure was that von Bekesy used chemicals that stimulate not only the olfactory nerve in the nose, but also a nasal sensory nerve, the trigeminal nerve. Most odors stimulate both, and som...

Novel mechanism for DNA replication discovered

...se itself codes for a cytosine to be placed on the replicating strand. The cytosine is inserted based upon the coding information in Rev1 regardless of whether a guanine or another base is present on the DNA. "This is the first time we have seen a protein serving as a template for DNA synthesis," said Dr. Aggar...

Mass production of human papillomavirus could lead to gains against cervical cancer

... "With this new system of mass-producing packaged, replicating virions, we also can create mutations at will in the virus genome and recover these mutant genomes in infectious virus particles, to study their effects on the virus's ability to infect its target cell," said Ahlquist. Importantly, said Ahlquist, th...

Discovery suggests why stem cells run through stop signs

...normal stop phase to the stage in which they begin replicating their DNA for later division. In their work, Carthew and Ruohola-Baker focused on fruit flies, which have approximately 80 types of microRNAs. They genetically modified stem cells from the fruit flies' ovaries and studied how many egg chambers the m...

Microbe has huge role in ocean life, carbon cycle

...uce genome size because of the metabolic burden of replicating "junk" DNA with no adaptive value - SAR11 supports that theory. Researchers are particularly interested in SAR11, Giovannoni said, because of the critical role it plays in geochemistry. Photosynthesis is a process used by plants to convert sunlight ...

Virginia Tech, Nanjing Institute researchers discover half-billion year-old fossils

... burial, and decay of the Ediacara organisms, thus replicating the three-dimensional shape of the tubular structures. How did these Ediacara organisms live? "We think that the fossils were preserved where they lived. In other words, they had not been transported a long way from their deathbed to their graveyard...

UCSD discovery may provide novel method to generate medically useful proteins

...trillion different antibodies, the researchers say replicating it in a test tube would be very challenging because the loops would have the tendency to fold incorrectly. "Because of its stability, the phage protein makes a better model to create protein diversity in a test tube," explained Jason Miller, a gra...

Scavenger cells could be key to treating HIV-related dementia

... do." Current antiretroviral drugs block HIV from replicating in new T cells, but don't kill the virus in infected macrophages. And the drugs cannot stop the virus from evolving into new forms, McGrath said. Because the virus mutates faster than other cells in the body, it also can develop resistance to these d...

Discarded placentas deliver researchers promising cells similar to embryonic stem cells

...ose cells just above them the best environment for replicating and for retaining their stem cell characteristics. With the addition of various growth factors, the authors report the amnion-derived cells could differentiate to become liver cells, heart cells, the glial and neuronal cells that make up the nervous...

Scientists get first glimpse at how plants, most animals repair UV-damaged DNA

...lar injury called a dimer. Dimers prevent DNA from replicating properly, and cause genetic mutations that lead to diseases such as cancer. In cell nuclei that contain photolyase, the enzyme forms a water-filled pocket with the right shape and size to accommodate the dimer for the repair. Normally, the enzyme wo...

A step toward the $1,000 personal genome using readily available lab equipment

...e Harvard scientists. The new technique calls for replicating thousands of DNA fragments attached to one-micron beads, allowing for high signal density in a small area that is still large enough to be resolved through inexpensive optics. One of four fluorescent dyes corresponding to the four DNA bases binds at ...

Clawed frog helps Fanconi anemia research make leaps

... to determine how the Fanconi proteins assemble on replicating DNA and what proteins control the important steps...., but not all, of the Fanconi protein's arrival on replicating DNA. Stacie Stone, an OHSU graduate student and co-lead author of the study, believes Hoatlin's la...

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