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Tag: "repetitive" at biology news

Mobile DNA part of evolution's toolbox

...uced by a retroposon known as a short interspersed repetitive element, or SINE, which is a piece of DNA that can make copies of itself and insert those copies elsewhere in an organism's genome. Haussler and his colleagues called this SINE the LF-SINE, where LF stands for lobe-finned fishes--the group of fishes ...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...development at all, disturbed social behaviour and repetitive behaviour patterns. In many patients, the disease is accompanied by mental disability. Autistic individuals exhibiting high intelligence or outstanding skills in a particular area, called "savants", such as the main character in the film "Rain Man", ...

New biologic treatment for tennis elbow may replace surgery for chronic sufferers

...people whose activities require strong gripping or repetitive wrist motions. It is a degeneration of the tendon above the elbow that controls the movements of the wrist and hand. Treatments such as rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, bracing, physical therapy, and injections of corticosteroids (cortis...

A new target for painkillers

...surgery, tumors compressing nerves, spinal tumors, repetitive motion disorders, multiple sclerosis, infection, stroke, traumatic brain injury, shingles, nerve toxins and electrical or other damage to peripheral nerves. Sometimes, doctors are unable to find a cause. Symptoms can include numbness and pain that...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

...quences where they can cause mutations. "Short repetitive pieces of DNA that keep copying themselves could conceivably expand and take over the whole genome," says Karpen, "so some balance must be achieved, between the need for replication processes on the one hand and the need to repress or control or regu...

Vaccination with embryonic stem cells prevents lung cancer in mice

...uses lung cancer (3-methylcholanthrene followed by repetitive dosing with butylated hydroxytoluene), ESCs resulted in 60% of mice remaining tumour free after 27 weeks and ESC + STO/GM-CSF resulted in 90% remaining tumour free. Importantly, tumours arising in vaccinated mice were, on average, about 80-90% small...

Peering into the shadow world of RNA

...jority of these non-coding regions are composed of repetitive sequences of DNA called transposons. The largest class of transposons, known as retrotransposons, have the remarkable ability to copy themselves into RNA, translate themselves back into DNA, and then reinsert themselves back into the DNA at the new l...

Older fathers more likely to have autistic children

...acterized by social and language abnormalities and repetitive patterns of behavior, according to background information in the article. Autism and related conditions, known collectively as autism spectrum disorders, have become increasingly common, affecting 50 in every 10,000 children as compared with five in...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...und of cell division, telomeres ?long stretches of repetitive DNA ?erode a little bit further. Some have likened this progressive shortening to a genetic biological clock that winds down over time. In fact, when telomeres reach a "critical length," the cell can no longer multiply ?a characteristic sign of cellu...

Scientists sequence genome of parasite responsible for common sexually transmitted infection

...ers were surprised to find such a large and highly repetitive genome comprising nearly 26,000 predicted genes as determined by computer models and previously sequenced parasitic genomes. Repetitive genes accounted for roughly 65 percent of the genome. "Parasites generally have smaller amounts of DNA than non...

Mutation improves memory, may lead to memory-enhancing pill

...urs. The second component, which follows strong or repetitive training, activates mechanisms that stabilize the memory and nerve connections, resulting in long-term memory, lasting days, weeks, or years. "Quite different molecular machineries, widely conserved from sea slugs to rodents, are thought to underl...

Despite their heft, many dinosaurs had surprisingly tiny genomes

...saur genomes is likely due to different amounts of repetitive and non-coding DNA in the two groups' genetic mate...e across animal species. They estimate that active repetitive DNA might have comprised an average 12 percent of the ornithischian genome but just 8.4 percent of t...

Red flag for repetitive stress injuries identified for first time in humans

... warning signs ?in work-related injuries caused by repetitive motion. Their findings could someday lead to ear...chemicals) as the body begins to become injured by repetitive motions. These biomarkers warn of an underlying problem. "While not a diagnostic test, because th...

2 brains -- 1 thought

... of a number of very simple networks that generate repetitive patterns - like the insect walking pattern - are already well-understood. Has evolutionary pressure kept the structural complexity of such networks to a minimum - or could there have been other networks with an even simpler structure, yet possessing ...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...he way for understanding vocal fatigue in terms of repetitive motion (voice on/off) and collision (vibration) of tissue, as well as how the voice can recover from physical stress (5aSC12). DETECTING BREAST LESIONS WITH VIBRO-ACOUSTOGRAPHY Vibro-acoustography (VA) is a non-invasive imaging technique usin...

A frown or a smile? Children with autism can't discern

...ls and social interactions and display restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior. “They don’t pick up what’s going on ?they miss the nuances, the body language and facial expressions and sometimes miss the big picture and instead focus on minor, less socially relevant details,?Davies said....

Cigarette smoke alters DNA in sperm, genetic damage could pass to offspring

...egions with those in coding regions, and that some repetitive regions of DNA (not exam-ined in this study) are associated with genes. “It stands to reason that mutations could also interfere with genes, but our ongoing research looks to clarify the severity of DNA damage throughout the genome,” said Yauk. “...

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