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Tag: "regulator" at biology news

Scientists find microRNAs regulate plant development

...ion through cuttings. Auxin is known to be a major regulator of adventitious root formation and normal Arabidop...within the hypocotyl, pointing to ARF17 as a major regulator of adventitious rooting and microRNA-mediated regulation as a major regulator of ARF17. In a third ...

Decisions, decisions: Male or female?

...ity. "This work implicates that pathway as a key regulator of early decisions made by germ cells as to whether to eventually develop into eggs or sperm," Wawersik said. Though the team's observations were limited to the pathway's role in fruit fly germ cell communication, Van Doren said the same conduit als...

Montreal researchers probe the genetic basis of memory

...information into long-term memory, may be a master regulator of the switch from short-term to long-term memory. Their paper Translational control of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory by the eIF2a kinase GCN2, which was published in the August 25th issue of the journal Nature, provides the first geneti...

Specialized immune-system B cells play double-barreled role

...s deficient in a protein called CD19 that is a key regulator of B-1a cell function and development. Thus, the two mouse strains enabled the researchers to explore the consequences of too many or too few B-1a cells. Also, the strain lacking CD19, and therefore B-1a cells, enabled the researchers to isolate suff...

Researchers discover stem cell 'guide' that may be key for targeting neural stem cell treatments

...hown by the same research group to be an important regulator of circadian rhythms. The current study appears in the June 24 issue of the journal Science. "One of the keys to developing promising new therapies for debilitating neurodegenerative diseases lies in our understanding of how new neurons are created ...

Tamoxifen-like drug suggests new ways to selectively block estrogen

...icoids to treat inflammation." Since "the primary regulator of cofactor recruitment is receptor conformation," added study co-author Donald McDonnell of Duke, findings such as this should lead to the emergence of "a new wave of estrogen receptor modulators with improved specificity. We are moving, he said, "v...

Breakthrough System for Understanding Ocean Plant Life Announced

...re able to demonstrate that the protein is the key regulator of base J synthesis. This will provide the scientists a new tool to elucidate the biological function of this unique modified DNA base in the regulation of antigenic variation. If base J does indeed play a role in the gene silencing that enables the...

Newly discovered protein an important tool for sleeping sickness research

...re able to demonstrate that the protein is the key regulator of base J synthesis. This will provide the scientists a new tool to elucidate the biological function of this unique modified DNA base in the regulation of antigenic variation. If base J does indeed play a role in the gene silencing that enables the...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

... example, detected the presence of an unidentified regulator gene altering the timing of erythromycin production, but could not pinpoint the specific mutation. A similar study by Kao's group identified two genes responsible for overproduction of the antibiotic tylosin. Instead of increasing the length of time...

Cousin of Asian super termite invades Florida

...ystem has a chemical called noviflumuron, a growth regulator that prevents termites from molting, thereby reducing the ability of the worker population to sustain underground colonies. The chemical has a low toxicity to humans and the environment. Less than one gram kills an entire colony containing millions o...

Mouse with designer liver has enhanced glucose tolerance, insulin response

...roteins. "We propose that Gab1 acts as a negative regulator on insulin signal strength in the liver," said Dr. Feng. "In this work, by making a new liver-specific gene knockout mouse model, we found a novel balancing mechanism for control of liver insulin signaling. Our observation might be instrumental for u...

Medical whistleblowers speak out

... to - meaning basically that they're required by a regulator - and that rarely happens." The industry researcher explained that the studies that are the basis for regulatory approval are too small and are conducted over too brief a period to properly assess safety. There are "blockbuster drugs" out there, sai...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

... environment. "Our goal is to find the high-level regulator - the one gene or group of genes that turns a plant into a hyperaccumulator," said David Salt, associate professor of plant molecular physiology in Purdue's horticulture department. "But we have no way to know what that gene is, so we need to deconst...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...u, Ming-Sound Tsao, and Tak W. Mak: "DJ-1, a novel regulator of the tumor suppressor PTEN" Publishing in Cancer Cell, Volume 7, Number 3, March 2005, pages 263-273. http://www.cancercell.org ...

New insight into regulation of blood stem cells

... in check. These data suggest that c-Myb is a key regulator of hematopoiesis and acts at many distinct points to control HSCs. "It is remarkable that a single transcription factor controls the diverse processes of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation" says Dr. Cooke. "The next challenge is to unde...

Insight into natural cholesterol control suggests novel cholesterol-lowering therapy

...ct role for lanosterol as a selective, physiologic regulator of reductase ubiquitination and degradation," said DeBose-Boyd. That effect would, in turn, control the rate of cholesterol production. "In addition to the biological significance, the findings have important clinical implications for cholesterol co...

Viral protein influences key cell-signaling pathway

...ecades. "The p300 protein is an important central regulator of gene activity in lymphocytes and many other kinds of cells," says Michael Lairmore, professor and chair of veterinary biosciences and a member of the OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center ?Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research I...

How an AIDS-Related Cancer Unleashes Inflammation

...his activation leads to activation of the upstream regulator of MK2, which is p38. Thus, while we now understand the biology of this inflammation, the details of the biochemistry still need to be worked out," he said. While the new knowledge of kaposin B's role will contribute to understanding how the respons...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

...own as BCE--can act synergistically to alter a key regulator in nervecell development. While scientists have previously studied the effectsof these pollutants individually, this is the first time anyone hasdemonstrated that BCE's components can work together to adverselyaffect neuron growth in a model organism...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

...hromosomal region associated with lung cancer as a regulator of Ras expression. DNA of plants and animals contains sequences encoding microRNAs, important regulators of development, that control processes determining cell type and cell death. "The let-7 microRNA regulates Ras by binding to the message for Ra...

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