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Tag: "regulator" at biology news

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

...e fungi into pathogenic yeasts. "This is a global regulator that sends signals down a molecular chain of command and governs a series of vital genetic programs," Klein explains. "It leads to changes in the organism's metabolism, cell shape, cell wall composition, and changes in virulence gene expressions." T...

Clawed frog helps Fanconi anemia research make leaps

...udy, Hoatlin's lab already found that an important regulator of the cell's DNA damage-sensing mechanism controls some, but not all, of the Fanconi protein's arrival on replicating DNA. Stacie Stone, an OHSU graduate student and co-lead author of the study, believes Hoatlin's lab, where she has worked with fr...

Researchers unlock how cells determine their functions

...they can help activate, rather than silence, a key regulator of animal development." ...

HIV accessory protein disables host immunity via receptor-protein intermediary

... that controls the action of NF-kB, a major immune regulator in the host cell. To verify their idea, the researchers used a mouse model in which PARP-1 was knocked out and found that their cells were immune to sepsis (pathogens and their toxins in the blood), because the NF-kB molecules did not go into overdri...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...n different cell types under the control of master regulator molecules called protein kinases. Although protein...hat are active in a cell. Protein kinases act as regulator switches and modify their target proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. This process, called ...

Genes involved in biofilms

...of the process. The results showed that a positive regulator known as Pnp (Polynucleotide phosphorylase) exists and which regulates the accumulation of the main exopolysaccharide involved in the formation of the biofilm for this bacteria. Moreover, the second strategy arose during the development of a medium ...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...fungi. "This is probably the most important light regulator in agriculture," says Richard Vierstra, a UW-Madison plant geneticist and one of two collaborating senior authors of the Nature paper. "It tells plants when to germinate. It tells them where to grow to absorb the most light and to avoid competition. ...

Scientists move forward understanding of schizophrenia

..., researchers have discovered that DISC1 acts as a regulator for PDE4B, creating a 'pathway' between the two genes. Professor David Porteous at the University of Edinburgh said: "This is another important breakthrough in our still limited understanding of major mental illness. It is the result of a long term ...

Mechanism for Epstein-Barr virus protein's role in blood cancers discovered

...ces. The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a major regulator of several genes in charge of cell proliferation and cell-cycle regulation. In the nucleus, Rb normally binds to E2F, turning off genes involved with cell proliferation. Using human cell cultures infected with the Epstein-Barr virus, the investigator...

Regenerating worms help elucidate stem cell biology

... is most similar to the protein PIWI, an important regulator of stem cells in organisms ranging from plants to humans. The replacement of tissue lost to injury or shed during the body's normal activities is essential for the survival of most organisms. The new study, published in the November 25, 2005, issue...

Clean skies=faster global warming?

...OMPANYING COMMENTARY: Title: HIF-1alpha: a master regulator of innate host defenses? View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php?id=25740 ...

Eliminating bacterial infections out of thin air

...OMPANYING COMMENTARY: Title: HIF-1alpha: a master regulator of innate host defenses? View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php?id=25740 ...

Firefly protein lets researchers monitor molecule linked to cancer

...This appears to put it in a position to be the key regulator of the pathway, and that has made it a subject of great interest both from the perspective of understanding how this pathway works and from that of developing new drugs for conditions that involve this pathway. " Piwnica-Worms' laboratory has previo...

Researchers Discover Gene That Determines Asthma Susceptibility By Regulating Inflammation

...002, Biswal’s lab discovered Nrf2 acts as a master regulator of the majority of antioxidant pathways and detoxifying enzymes for environmental pollutants. This led researchers to consider the role of Nrf2 in lung inflammatory diseases caused by exposure to allergens. They found that the absence of the Nrf2 gen...

New study shows SARS can infect brain tissue

...vered a high level of Mig, a type of immune system regulator called a chemokine, in the man's bloodstream and brain, which may have resulted from the central nervous system infection. The researchers speculated that Mig could also have contributed to his brain damage by attracting immunological cells to the si...

Weight control protein may yield antiobesity drugs

...Our findings reveal SH2-B as an important positive regulator of leptin sensitivity inside cells of the brain region known as the hypothalamus," said senior author of the study, Liangyou Rui. The hypothalamus is a key area in the central nervous system that integrates neuronal, hormonal, and nutrient-related si...

Sugar helps control cell division

...t a deceptively simple sugar is in fact a critical regulator of cells' natural life cycle. The discovery reveals that, when disturbed, this process could contribute to cancer or other diseases by failing to properly control the steps and timing of cell division, the researchers say. The findings are described...

MicroRNA tweaks protein that controls early heart development

...ed miR-1 targets the mRNA of the gene Hand2, a key regulator of heart formation. The microRNA turns off production of the Hand2 protein at precisely the right time to allow the proper development of heart muscle. "We think that Hand2 is necessary in the early stages of embryonic development to allow prolifera...

Gene controlling circadian rhythms linked to drug addiction

... pressure and heart activity, it may also be a key regulator of the brain's reward system. UT Southwestern res...at the gene controlling circadian rhythms is a key regulator of the brain's reward system and may influence the addictive properties of drugs such as cocaine. "...

Attacks of King George III's madness linked to key metabolism molecule

...t be involved in porphyria, since PGC-1 alpha is a regulator of heme manufacture in the liver. One of its actions is controlling the activity of the ALAS-1 gene that makes a protein that's crucial to the normal manufacture of heme. A defect in this genetic signaling pathway could cause ALAS-1 to accumulate in ...

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