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Tag: "regulation" at biology news

FDA sees nanotech challenges in every product category it regulates

...es for nanotechnology oversight. If nanotechnology regulation was a baseball game, FDA has scored the first run in the first inning. But the agency must act rapidly to adopt and fully implement the Nanotechnology Task Force’s recommendations. Without moving quickly and building on the recommendations in the Tas...

One species, many genomes

...lular functions such as protein production or gene regulation rarely suffer knockout hits. Genes that are important for the interaction with other organisms, on the other hand, such as those responsible for defense against pathogens or infections, are much more variable than the average gene. "The genetic varia...

Newly found sensing system enables certain bacteria to resist human immune defenses

... cause plague and salmonellosis—a sensory and gene regulation system named PhoP/PhoQ protects invading bacteria,...ree parts: apsS, the sensor region; apsR, the gene regulation region; and apsX, which has an unknown function that Dr. Otto’s group is investigating. Studies show...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...rent organs and determines the effect of leptin on regulation of the energy balance. Better understanding gene oscillation may provide researchers with clues for developing ways to treat people who overeat because of impaired leptin signaling. Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that cycle over a period ...

Researchers demonstrate way to control tree height

...nvestments of time, money and testing that current regulation of genetically modified organisms would require, at least in the U.S.” That aside, he said, it appears that with further research and development programs, it would indeed be possible to create an elm tree – which ordinarily would grow to 100 feet...

Surprising origin of cell's internal highways

...an normal cells," said Kaverina. "Both microtubule regulation of proliferation and microtubule regulation of migration and invasion probably contribute to the therapeutic effects." Therefore, further st...

Turn-ons and turn-offs for neurons

... expression systems (Tet systems), which allow the regulation of gene expression by externally applied substance... in our understanding of mechanisms governing gene regulation in the brain. Indeed, the epigenetic mechanisms in charge of switching genes “on” or “off” play an e...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...CREB had long been studied for its role in glucose regulation in metabolic tissues like the liver and pancreas, its function in muscle tissue was unknown. Then, the researchers noticed that mice lacking CREB activity in their muscle cells also had a genetic brake, called histone deacetylase (HDAC), stuck in pla...

Chronic fatigue syndrome impairs a person's slow wave activity during sleep

...rmitage, it was only after a "challenge" to sleep regulation was introduced (keeping them awake an extra four hours) that the CFS twins exhibited significantly less SWA power in the first non-REM period of recovery sleep and accumulated a smaller percentage of SWA in the first non-REM period than their twin co...

LIAI scientists make important finding on cytomegalovirus transmission

...d, "Cytomegalovirus exploits IL-10-mediated immune regulation in the salivary glands." LIAI scientists Ian Humphreys, Ph.D., Carl Ware, Ph.D., and Michael Croft, Ph.D. led the study. CMV is a virus that affects the majority of the world’s population, but produces little or no symptoms in healthy individuals. ...

Slowing the racing heart

...te the heartbeat. "Understanding the molecular regulation of the heart's pacemaker opens the possibility of ...at we know to be key players in the generation and regulation of the pacemaker activity," said Ke. "Although adrenaline and other mechanisms that accelerate th...

New study examines 'brain's own marijuana'

... own marijuana?-- called endocannabinoid -- in the regulation of stress, stress-related behavior and anxiety. A five-year, $1.7 million grant from the National Institute of Mental Health is supporting this investigation. “It is widely accepted that one of the major reasons that people use and abuse marijuana...

Study warns deep-sea mining may pose serious threat to fragile marine ecosystems

...poor record of mining oversight. The prospects for regulation of underwater mining are not good." The study appears in the May 18 issue of the journal Science, and is co-authored by Rodney Fujita, a marine ecologist with U.S.-based Environmental Defense. A Canadian-based company is currently planning the...

DNA analysis suggests under-reported kills of threatened whales

...her whale species also have been exploited without regulation or reporting in many countries. "The incentive, obviously, is financial," Baker said. "The result of under-reporting whale mortality is not simply the decline of the species and their ability to sustain their populations ?it is the increasing diff...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

... underlying mechanisms involved in KLF15's glucose regulation and see how increasing KLF15 levels affects blood sugar production. Meanwhile, Jain plans to further examine the transcription factor's function in other parts of the body where it is active, namely in skeletal and heart muscle. ...

Researchers identify gene involved in dog size

...o play a role in diseases such as cancer, in which regulation of cell growth has been lost,?said Ostrander, noting that the role of the IGF-1 gene family in prostate cancer susceptibility has already been well established. Building upon previous research showing that the IGF-1 gene plays an important role in...

Human's ecological footprint in 2015 and Amazonia revealed

..., such as carbon storage in biomass and soils, the regulation of water balance and river flow, the modulation of regional climate patterns, and the amelioration of infectious diseases. ...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

...omponent for pathogen resistance in plants through regulation of expression and activities of some R proteins Although there is a significant genetic crossover between plants and mammals, very little is known about this common human-plant regulatory pathway. Ulevitch speculated that certain protein regulator...

'Guardian of the genome' protein found to underlie skin tanning

... proteins may provide an explicit link between the regulation of tanning and of mood. It raises the question of whether p53-mediated induction of beta-endorphin is involved in sun-seeking behavior, which often increases skin cancer risk." ...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...ive thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3), in the regulation of body temperature by heat-generating brown fat. ...eveals a central thermogenic-like mechanism in the regulation of food intake." While it is as yet unproven, the rise in UCP2 in the brain likely also causes ch...

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