regulating 2 9

Tag: "regulating" at biology news

Protein key to organ growth

... in his laboratory shows that TCTP plays a role in regulating Rheb (Ras homologue enriched in brain), a protein ...nd biochemically that TCTP is directly involved in regulating Rheb function so that it regulates cell size as well as cell numbers. We found that in the case of d...

Protein found to shield pancreatic cancer cells from self-destruction

...n called nuclear factor-kB known to play a role in regulating cell growth, metastasis and apoptosis. This pathway, Mehta explained, could make TG2 an attractive target for other forms of cancer as well. ...

Lead with a poisonous electron shield

...alcium-binding protein, plays an important role in regulating and transporting the calcium cation in the human body. A calcium ion binds to seven ligands at the active centers of the enzyme. If one of the four possible calcium ions of calmodulin is replaced by lead, the lead ion remains roughly heptacoordinated...

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

...led SHP-2. SHP-2 is involved in molecular pathways regulating development of brain cells. The NS mutations cause SHP-2 to be constantly activated. Specifically, SHP-2 plays a role in the pathways governing differentiation of immature precursor cells into neurons and glial cells. Unlike neurons, which conduct...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

...d said. "We know that this receptor is involved in regulating the formation of cortical circuitry. It's also involved in the behavioral effects of amphetamines and cocaine." "The current study was an attempt to look at the mechanism of this decrease in D1 receptor signaling," he said. Stanwood examined ...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...earchers have found 164 genes that are involved in regulating the sensitivity of squamous cell head and neck cancer cells to lapatinib, a cancer drug that was recently approved for use in metastatic breast cancer under the name Tykerb. The study, a collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline, evaluated 7,000 genetic...

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

...transporter known as SLC30A8, which is involved in regulating insulin secretion. Type-2 diabetes is associated with a deficiency in insulin and the researchers believe it may be possible to treat it by fixing this transporter. Professor Philippe Froguel, one of the authors of the study from the Division of...

Bioluminescence at the service of a novel cerebral imaging technique

...ns in the ellipsoid body, a structure involved in regulating locomotor activity. This structure is deeply embedded in the centre of the brain and has never been studied physiologically because it was always inaccessible to standard, fluorescent-type markers. Such recordings of the ellipsoid body have thus de...

Elucidation of the genome for diabetics with DNA chips

...2 and HHEX encode transcription factors (molecules regulating the activity of other genes) controlling the Wnt signalling pathway essential for cell survival. Studies in animals have shown that the absence of these genes impairs pancreatic function. EXT2 encodes an enzyme involved in the foetal development o...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

...r research has uncovered a whole new mechanism for regulating myelin genes," said Dr. Svaren. "Our hope is to exploit this knowledge so that we can adjust the levels of myelin genes such as PMP22 and MPZ, and thereby create an effective treatment for myelin diseases." Understanding the process by which nerv...

Tumor-suppressor gene is critical for placenta development

...b gene, the Rb protein, plays an important role in regulating how cells grow. But exactly how it does this ?the molecule interacts with 110 other proteins ?remains unknown. In 2003, Leone and a group of collaborators discovered that loss of the Rb gene caused abnormalities in the placenta, especially where i...

Anti-wrinkle compound causes pathological reaction in skin cells

...ocked in cells or even in the liver. Yet, the laws regulating their use are far less restrictive than those regulating drugs," concludes Dr. Marceau....

Bisexual fruit flies show new role for neurochemical

...t this background noise plays an important part in regulating information transfer." Featherstone and his lab team found that glia cells are the source of the excess ambient glutamate. Along with neurons, these poorly understood "support" cells fill the brain. The team discovered proteins in fruit fly glia ...

3 proteins may play important role in nerve-cell repair

...lls called cAMP. This molecule plays a key role in regulating nerve-cell growth, differentiation and survival, a...these receptors are likely to play a major role in regulating cAMP production in nerve cells," says Saeki, an associate professor of neurological surgery and chie...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...h diabetes, including problems that diabetics have regulating blood sugar. Dr. Shapiro explained that researchers do not yet know how to activate AMPK without activating other proteins and causing potentially toxic side effects. However, he notes that this development in understanding the atomic resolution ...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...said. In adults, the thyroid gland is essential to regulating metabolism. Previous studies had also established a key physiological role for the active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3), in the regulation of body temperature by heat-generating brown fat. The molecular underpinning of heat production, or...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

...nce also suggests that the protein plays a role in regulating pathogen resistance in plants. Various genetic studies have identified SGT1 as a crucial component for pathogen resistance in plants through regulation of expression and activities of some R proteins Although there is a significant genetic crossov...

MIT's ocean model captures diversity of underwater forests

...' biological and chemical cycles and their role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide, an important greenhouse gas. The output of the new model, the brainchild of oceanographer Mick Follows, has been tested against real-world patterns of a particular species of phytoplankton, called prochlorococcus, whic...

'Short-circuit' found in ocean circulation

...nd the globe and therefore plays a central role in regulating Earth's climate. The findings show that much of the overturning circulation - how water moves and mixes vertically - around Antarctica takes place just around the tip of South America and in the small region in the Atlantic south of the Falklands...

Molecule that destroys bone also protects it, new research shows

... "It turns out that IL-17 is really important in regulating neutrophils by causing other cells in the vicinity to recruit these infection fighters to the infection site," Gaffen said. IL-17 is a cytokine, a protein hormone made by "T helper" cells of the immune system that stimulate immunity. Gaffen noted ...

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