Tag: "regulating" at biology news

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...t is involved in promoting the growth of tumors by regulating the activity of key genes involved in cell growth. "We found that the DES treatment somehow 'reprogrammed' how these genes respond to estrogen, making them much more responsive to estrogen than normal," said Walker. "We realized that the DES exposure...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

... and objectively that there is a very strong force regulating sleep, but there is very little knowledge about th...entually my dream is to elucidate all the pathways regulating sleep." Dr. Yanagisawa and his colleagues focused on neurons in the brain that produce the protein ...

Protein That Promotes Survival Of Stem Cells Might Be Key To Poor Leukemia Prognosis

... Bcl-2 family that block apoptosis are involved in regulating the number of HSCs and progenitor cells," Opferman said. "But our study showed for the first time that a single such Bcl-2 family protein--Mcl-1--is essential for promoting the survival of these cells." Progenitor cells are precursors arising from H...

Discovery may lead to better Candidiasis drug

...tein killed the fungal cells by preventing it from regulating its ions, the positive and negative charged molecules that move into, and out of, cells. Ions regulate electrostatic pressure between the cells' internal and external environments, which, in turn, regulates their volume and water content. Cells that ...

White Blood Cell 'Waste Disposal' System Plays Critical Regulatory Role

...ep that is a key component of the feedback circuit regulating the balance between neutrophil production and destruction. The research, published in the March issue of Immunity, suggests that the process for disposal of dying neutrophils is actively linked to neutrophil production. A clear understanding of the p...

New understanding of DNA repair may pave way to cancer treatments

...ated), which stimulates DNA repair. ATF2's role in regulating expression of proteins that control cell cycle and programmed cell death is well established. The current study is the first to demonstrate ATF2's role in DNA repair, an intracellular process that prevents formation of genetic mutations, including th...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...trolling sterility and a yet-to-be discovered gene regulating transmission ratio distortion. Dr. Planchart commented, "For more than 50 years, researchers have sought the biochemical and molecular basis of these phenomena. This work represents a landmark study of the genetics of the t haplotype-it shows for th...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...ges from 21 to 100 days." These included proteins regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, including tumor-suppressing proteins and a large number of unknown proteins. The exception was decreased expression of the GAD1 gene. It encodes a key enzyme of the GABA-ergic system, which could be involved in...

Science study holds implications for gene therapy and stem cell biology

...it helps us understand which genes are involved in regulating stem cell growth," Dr. Baum said. "This is frontier research. In other words, to date, scientists know little about stem cells, particularly how they grow and what factors cause them to compete with other stem cells or turn into more stem cells versu...

Natural tumor suppressor in body discovered by UCSD medical researchers

...d." Scientists have known that Akt is critical in regulating cell growth and death, and that it is linked to so...ase, which is an enzyme that acts as a catalyst in regulating cellular processes by removing phosphate molecules. Based on the chemical components of Akt, they sp...

Protein synthesis can be controlled by light, opening way for new scientific, medical applications

...ogical events, little has been done in the area of regulating the inhibition of biological processes. "Ultimately, we want to understand the role local protein synthesis plays in biological systems such as neurons," said Schuman. "When and where in the neuron is protein synthesis used to bring about changes? H...

Bioinformatics reveals new gene regulation system

...l genomes, researchers have uncovered a system for regulating genes essential to bacterial replication ?and they did it solely by computer keystrokes and mouse clicks. Mikhail Gelfand, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute international research scholar at the Institute for Information Transmission Problems (IITP)...

Molecular steps involved in the creation of gene-silencing microRNAs identified

...e silencing, one of the body's main strategies for regulating its genome. A scant 22 nucleotides in length, miRNAs appear to work by binding to and somehow interfering with messenger RNA, itself responsible for translating genes into proteins. But how do miRNAs arise? And what can we learn about their biologic...

Scientists take aim at virulent bacteria by decoding machinery of key control enzyme

...am (DNA adenine methyltransferase) plays a role in regulating gene expression in many bacteria. Each time the ba...NA, and is important in cellular processes such as regulating gene expression, DNA replication and repair. In humans DNA methylation occurs on the C (cytosine) ra...

How monarch butterflies are wired for navigation

... regions of the butterfly brain may play a role in regulating the insects' hormonal system, to induce the longevity that enables the butterfly to extend its survival in its overwintering grounds in Mexico. The researchers include Ivo Sauman of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Adriana D. Briscoe of the University...

Major advance made on DNA structure

... the nucleotides may play different roles, such as regulating gene expression, and they often do that through variations in DNA structure." "Now, for the first time, we're really starting to see what the genome looks like in three dimensional reality, not just what the sequence of genes is," Ho said. "DNA is m...

Scientists find microRNAs regulate plant development

...mmonly referred to as auxin, plays a major role in regulating plant growth and development. Auxin influences dev...nt and show that microRNAs play important roles in regulating the auxin response pathway. You can read the full report News and Reviews article on this research ...

Unexpected lock and key mechanism found for the assembly of tumor blood vessels

...ponse, but until this study it wasn't suspected of regulating angiogenesis. It's possible that since the integrin only works on developing blood vessels and in cancer, disrupting its ability to form blood vessels could starve the tumor and stave off cancer." The research team discovered that the integrin broug...

VCU study shows hormone-like molecule kills cells that cause inflammation in allergic disease

...the study. "Because mast cells cause inflammation, regulating how many mast cells the body makes, where they go, what they do, and when they die can have a huge impact on health and disease. "For example, there has been one report of a patient with mastocytosis, which is a type of pre-leukemia where mast cell...

Climate model links higher temperatures to prehistoric extinction

...the study. "Because mast cells cause inflammation, regulating how many mast cells the body makes, where they go, what they do, and when they die can have a huge impact on health and disease. "For example, there has been one report of a patient with mastocytosis, which is a type of pre-leukemia where mast cell...

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