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Tag: "regulates" at biology news

Renewed dolphin slaughter prompts new campaign

...ing Commission (IWC), the treaty organization that regulates the hunting of the great whale species. ...

Changing length of days reverses how estrogen affects aggressiveness in mice

...ommon belief that testosterone is the hormone that regulates aggression," said Randy Nelson, co-author and professor of psychology and neuroscience at Ohio State. "There are now several studies showing that in some species estrogen plays a key role in aggressiveness as well." While this research has just be...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

...leus called Aire (for autoimmune regulator), which regulates the expression of some 300 to 1,000 antigens in the thymus. Humans and mice lacking the normal Aire gene suffer from multiple autoimmune diseases including diseases that target the thyroid, adrenal, ovary, and eye. In 2002, Anderson, then at Harva...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

...leus called Aire (for autoimmune regulator), which regulates the expression of some 300 to 1,000 antigens in the thymus. Humans and mice lacking the normal Aire gene suffer from multiple autoimmune diseases including diseases that target the thyroid, adrenal, ovary, and eye. In 2002, Anderson, then at Harva...

UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation

...take apart and re-build the signaling pathway that regulates activation of the body's most abundant platelet receptor, an integrin called glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa, provides a powerful and flexible tool for studying therapeutic targets along the pathway that impacts the activation process. This activation le...

Scientists discover role for dueling RNAs

..."Here we've found a process in which antisense RNA regulates sense RNA. This same process may occur in the sex cells of mammals. In fact, considering how widespread these antisense transcripts are, I wouldn't be surprised if these findings eventually lead us to discover an entirely new level of gene regulation...

Abnormal overexpression of p53 is a predictive molecular biomarker

...cancers have a dysfunction in the p53 pathway that regulates the cell cycle, helping to protect against cancer formation, but researchers estimate that more than 50 percent of head and neck tumors over-express p53 protein. That suggests a defect in protein regulation or that the p53 gene is mutated, incapable ...

Hormone linked to brain's cravings for food and other energy sources

...linked with the reward circuitry of the brain that regulates food cravings. According to lead author Tamas Horvath, components of the reward circuitry of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), may be responsible for overeating and addiction. "Targeting this region pharmacologically is an interesting tool to expl...

Pourquié lab identifies genes involved in formation of vertebral precursors

...internal mechanism -- the clock oscillator -- that regulates the formation somites, the precursors of vertebrae. In their most recent findings, the team used the mouse model to demonstrate how the clock drives the periodic expression of a large network of cyclic genes involved in cell signaling. Mutually exclu...

Some butterflies travel farther, reproduce faster

... in regulating egg and larval development and also regulates reproduction, particularly egg maturation, in adults, Fescemyer said. Vitellogenin is the protein precursor to egg yolk, which the embryo uses for food. Total protein is the most important nutrient for egg maturation, he said. Adds to previous stu...

Detailed 3-D image catches a key regulator of neural stem cell differentiation in action

...d Scp1, at will. "Scp1 is an important brake that regulates the transition from neuronal precursor to mature n...difications and physical access to genes, but Scp1 regulates the activity of the enzyme that transcribes genes directly," he adds. Scp1 is not the only protei...

Need to pull an all-nighter?

...decline. Rosenberg had been studying how the brain regulates the accumulation of adenosine in the brain for over 10 years, and, in 2000, he and his colleagues demonstrated in brain cells from rats that adenosine's release is stimulated by nitric oxide. The two teams decided to collaborate. Studying mildly s...

Novel pathway regulates timing of brain cell development

... was previously unrecognized. ErbB4 signaling also regulates neuronal function and survival, processes that have been implicated in Alzheimer's pathology, the researchers note. "Our findings raise the intriguing possibility that defects in presenilin-mediated erbB4 signaling could be implicated in the early ...

Researchers seek to design first treatment for neuroAIDS

...and cell death, shifting it toward death. MLK also regulates p38, an enzyme that encourages inflammation. Thus, MLK inhibitors could conceivably shut down affected immune cells before they trigger inflammation and prevent cell suicide. The new grant is a partnership between the University of Rochester Medical...

Molecular atlas provides new tool for understanding estrogen-fueled breast cancer

...nced by the ER. "cis" refers to a DNA segment that regulates a gene's activity in response to a signal from outside the gene (while "trans" refers to a factor that acts on DNA); and "ome" -- from the Greek word for manager -- refers to the full set of such segments, as "genome" refers to all the genes within h...

Signal protein shows promise for blocking tumor promoters in skin cells

... Fyn levels go down. "The binding of Srcasm to Fyn regulates Fyn's persistence in the cell," says Seykora. "If Srcasm is low, Fyn persists longer and sends more growth-promoting signals." Reversing Tumors Eventually, Srcasm might play a role in targeted gene therapies for cancers that are triggered by acti...

A potential biological cause for sudden infant death syndrome

...alities in the brainstem ?a part of the brain that regulates breathing, blood pressure, body heat, and arousal ?in babies who died from SIDS. SIDS is the leading cause of death in American infants after the newborn period, affecting 0.67 in 1,000 live-born babies. Although epidemiologic studies have identif...

On automatic pilot

...t them. This is possible due to the cerebellum. It regulates the automation of our movements and as a result the cerebrum can perform other tasks. However, how the cerebellum performs this task is not clear. Dutch researcher Angelique Pijpers reconstructed a part of cerebellar functioning in rats and investiga...

Major link in brain-obesity puzzle found

...s, they were able to show that the action of SH2B1 regulates body weight, the action of the metabolic signaling molecules leptin and insulin, and the use of energy from food. It even moderated the impact of a high-fat diet on body weight. The experiments were performed in mice, including two types of mice ...

Scientists identify a candidate gene for osteoporosis

...cing evidence that a gene called DARC negatively regulates bone density in mice. The report appears online in Genome Research . "If our finding using the mouse model is confirmed in humans, then we may be able to develop therapies that are based on inhibiting the function of the DARC gene," explains Dr. ...

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