regulates 2 5

Tag: "regulates" at biology news

Genes involved in biofilms

...np (Polynucleotide phosphorylase) exists and which regulates the accumulation of the main exopolysaccharide involved in the formation of the biofilm for this bacteria. Moreover, the second strategy arose during the development of a medium chemically defined in order to study how environmental signals affect t...

MIT researcher presents new view of how the cortex forms

...protein that binds DNA at a specific site where it regulates transcription, or the process of copying genetic material. In the brain's early prenatal development, transcription factors control the birth and growth of new neurons, neurons' movement and connectivity within the brain, and which ones live and wh...

What can change in the brain? Electrical synapses, research shows

...better understand, in a basic sense, how the brain regulates behavioral states." Carole Landisman, currently a neurobiology researcher at Harvard Medical School, is the lead author of the paper. Landisman was an investigator in Connors' lab at Brown, where the experiments were conducted. To better understand...

Sleeping sickness parasite shows how cells divide their insides

...ers at Yale have brought to light a mechanism that regulates the way an internal organelle, the Golgi apparatus, duplicates as cells prepare to divide, according to a report in Science Express. Graham Warren , professor of cell biology , and his colleagues at Yale study Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite that...

Technique offers new view of dynamic biological landscape

...mentalized, interconnected pathway synthesizes and regulates lipids and secreted proteins in yeast. Weissman and his colleagues also needed a way to quantify the epistatic effects of interacting mutant genes on the cells' viability. Since yeast form round colonies when grown in culture dishes, they could mea...

Animal models show that anabolic steroids flip the adolescent brain's switch for aggression

...he aggressive behavior. The anterior hypothalamus regulates aggression and social behavior. Thus, vasopressin ?already known to stimulate that area ?appears to fuel the engine of aggression. And, says Melloni, "Steroids step on the gas for agression." Thus, the neuroscientists conclude that the aggressiven...

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

...sium channel, part of a biochemical mechanism that regulates the electrical impulses of bursting neurons. Although potassium channel mutations have previously been linked to episodic disorders such as seizures, this is the first time they have been identified as causative factors ?and potentially therapeutic t...

Of mice, men, trees and the global carbon cycle

...nnesota researcher has found a universal rule that regulates the metabolism of plants of all kinds and sizes and that may also offer a key to calculating their carbon dioxide emissions, a number that must be known precisely in order to construct valid models of global carbon dioxide cycling. Emissions of the...

Gene needed for butterfly transformation also key for insects like grasshoppers

...ch as grasshoppers. Biologists know the broad gene regulates metamorphosis in flies and moths and is found only at the transition between their larval and pupal stages. To understand how metamorphosis evolved in insects, the UW researchers examined how the broad gene functions in direct-developing insects, whi...

Scientists discover interplay between genes and viruses in tiny ocean plankton

...ng climate. It's important that we understand what regulates their populations. Genetic diversity seems to be an important factor." In one report, Chisholm and scientist Maureen Coleman suggest that gene-swapping in ocean microbes resembles the flow of genes already known to occur among disease-causing bacter...

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...te. So it's very important that we understand what regulates their populations. And now genetic diversity seems to be an important factor," said Chisholm, who holds appointments in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) and in the Department of Biology. In one of the journal reports, Chis...

Manipulating single cell receptor alters animal behavior

...ceptor for angiotensin, a polypeptide hormone that regulates internal equilibrium among body fluids. By using drugs to effect these neural signaling pathways in animal subjects, the team was able manipulate this equilibrium, a finding that Daniels says provides a better understanding of the regulation of bl...

Cholesterol gets 'thumbs up' for role in digit development

...ther digits. "Questions have remained about what regulates the Sonic hedgehog gradient,"said Chiang. "And we've been working on that for a number of years." One clue about this regulation came when other researchers discovered Sonic hedgehog's rather unusual requirement â? the protein had to have a choleste...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

...ars of the clock, and not much is known about what regulates protein levels within the cell." Rev-erb was known to be a key component of the clock that exists in most cells of the body. Rev-erb inhibits clock genes called bmal and clock, but within a normal 24-hour circadian cycle the Rev-erb protein is destr...

Tiny RNA molecules fine-tune the brain's synapses

...one in rats, showed that a microRNA called miR-134 regulates the size of dendritic spines, the protrusions from a neuron's dendrites where synapses form. When neurons were exposed to miR-134, spine volume significantly decreased, weakening the synapse. When miR-134 was inhibited, spines increased in size, stre...

Study by Einstein researchers could lead to a novel strategy for treating obesity

...ng this information into account, the hypothalamus regulates our energy intake and metabolism. In a study pub...olleagues showed how the hypothalamus monitors and regulates glucose levels in the body. The present study shows that this brain region also monitors fatty acid ...

MiRNA fingerprint identified in platelet formation

...lly no more than 20-25 nucleotides in length ?also regulates protein synthesis by interfering with mRNA's original instructions. They now know that miRNA helps to regulate many key biological processes, including cell growth, death, development and differentiation. Dr. Carlo Croce, director of Ohio State's Hu...

Cracking the genetic code for control of gene expression

... in several species indicates that the DNA element regulates gene expression. The researchers showed that the predicted regulatory elements direct organ-specific expression of a marker gene in transgenic mice. Novel experimental and computational methods enabled genome-wide analysis of regulatory elements in s...

UCLA scientists uncover mechanism of response to targeted therapy

...sitron emission tomography (PET). Because HIF also regulates glucose transport in cells, UCLA researchers theorized that the kidney cancer cells, with their high levels of HIF, would take in a standard PET imaging probe at high levels. If that proved true, the PET scan would show that the cancer cells had incr...

Polymer aids in blood clotting, pointing way to new treatment

...novel structure of major metabolic importance that regulates the levels of calcium and phosphate within all cells," said Kornberg, an emeritus professor of biochemistry in Stanford University's School of Medicine. "This acidocalcisome has been identified in cells as diverse as bacteria, the protozoa of tropica...

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