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Tag: "regulate" at biology news

How the US drug safety system should be changed

...intains that the FDA needs an increased ability to regulate drugs after marketing, so that it can require post-marketing studies and labeling changes as a rule, rather than those changes being subject to negotiation between the regulatory agency and industry. It also needs substantially more resources for the...

Expanding waistlines triggered by your genes

...e brown adipose tissue, a specialized fat depot to regulate body energy consumption, was unaffected. Importantly, the research team also discovered that adipocyte differentiation in conventional two-dimensional (2-D) cell culture is different from three-dimensional (3-D) microenvironment taking place inside ...

Scientists discover that ancient genes dictate flowering, fall bud set

...ar homolog of the gene FT, which has been shown to regulate flowering in annual plants. Surprisingly, we found that this gene not only controls the multi-year delay in flowering in trees, but also controls seasonal growth cessation and bud set," said Nilsson, the corresponding author of the study. The Swedis...

No-mow grass may be coming to your yard soon

...y manipulating the steroid pathway…we think we can regulate plant stature and yield," said Joanne Chory, a How...s, and are infertile," Chory explained. "They also regulate senescence or aging. Since brassinosteroids mainly regulate cell expansion, though, they are one of ...

Scientists discover new regulating mechanism in cells

...findings provide important insights into how cells regulate certain growth-proteins, many of which play an imp...ted. Many of these genes encode proteins that help regulate cell growth and are involved in cancer. ...

Interfering RNA silences genes in 'slippery' immune cells

...thesized product that carries genetic sequences to regulate the gene activity that yields an siRNA. After the researchers tested a variety of SECs to determine which is the most effective, they inserted the desired SEC into a vector, a biological agent that inserts itself into a target cell's nucleus more eff...

Cutting calories slightly can reduce aging damage

...od health during aging, cleans the blood and helps regulate the body's immune system. The researchers also plan to assess the same biomarkers in a study of rats' hearts, muscle and brains. The research team was surprised to find one of the biomarkers, RNA, which is important for coding DNA and for protein sy...

A surprise about our body clock

...otective c-kit+ cells are from the bone marrow and regulate the myocardial balance of angiogenic cytokines," published today in The Journal of Clinical Investigation. "When damaged heart tissue sends out an 'SOS' distress signal, this subset of bone marrow cells mobilizes quickly and stimulates the growth of ...

Healing the heart with bone marrow cells

...otective c-kit+ cells are from the bone marrow and regulate the myocardial balance of angiogenic cytokines," published today in The Journal of Clinical Investigation. "When damaged heart tissue sends out an 'SOS' distress signal, this subset of bone marrow cells mobilizes quickly and stimulates the growth of ...

Bacteria have their own immune system protecting against outside DNA

...s because such sequences are easier to recruit and regulate than other DNA." This research could also have major implications for the biotech industry, which uses bacteria for the production of recombinant proteins for medicine and research. These proteins, such as insulin or human growth hormone, are create...

Salk scientists get to the root of plant cell fate

...co-repressor. In plants and animals, co-repressors regulate gene expression by inhibiting the activity of transcription factors, which act as switches to activate target genes. Transcription factors control gene activity by binding to DNA sequences adjacent to a gene, but they are deactivated when they recrui...

The higher the hierarchy, the greater the aggression

...lude bites, shoves, mounts, and charges) appear to regulate cooperative activity in the group by activating lazy workers, for example, or punishing defectors," write the researchers. The researchers developed two simple mathematical models that predicted that, if inheritance rank mattered in a cooperative s...

Drug dials down the energy within cells, UM researchers find

...ng that knowledge with our new knowledge of how to regulate the energy of the cell could open up new avenues for treating disease and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment." ...

Einstein researchers take the pulse of a gene in living cells

...rved in this gene would allow it to very precisely regulate development," says Dr. Singer, the study's senior author and professor and co-chair of the Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology at Einstein. He likens a gene to a thermostat: "Heating a home all the time would be wasteful and would overh...

C-myc required by the immune system

... acts downstream of the IL-15 signaling pathway to regulate T memory cell homeostasis." According to Dr. MacDonald, the study is basic research that may have implications for therapies of the future. "Understanding how immune memory works might allow us to improve therapeutic vaccines against, say, malaria o...

Activation of microRNA inhibits cancer gene in human cancer cells

... of Cancer Cell, demonstrates that agents known to regulate gene expression can also impact regulatory RNAs th...s. It is conceivable that these processes may also regulate expression of some RNAs. MicroRNA (miRNA) is small and noncoding RNA that can regulate gene expres...

Compound in dairy products targets diabetes

...ng into the cell and interacting with the PPARs to regulate glucose and fat metabolism," says Vanden Heuvel. Early human trials indicate that when administered for longer than 8 weeks, CLA improves the body's misregulation of insulin and lowers the level of glucose in the blood in patients with adult onse...

Researchers appeal for new regulations to save coral reefs from live fish trade

... local institutions have time to implement laws to regulate the poaching. The bandits take advantage of porous world trade policy and ineffective fisheries management to sell their plunder," says Dr Helen Scales, from the Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge. By analysing the mass of live fish imp...

Large dinosaurs were extremely hot in their day, UF study finds

... a slow metabolism that required the sun's heat to regulate temperature. But in the late 1960s, the notion emerged that dinosaurs, like mammals and birds, might have been warm-blooded, or endotherms, with relatively constant, high body temperatures that were internally regulated. The new findings show that ...

Federal testing for mad cow disease a failure, law review editor says

...um-Toxin Act has never been used or interpreted to regulate testing of any kind. Manipulating the act to include the BSE test perverts the statute's purpose." Congress should pass legislation forcing the USDA to license BSE tests to ranchers and slaughterhouses. "The USDA should create standards for testing ...

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