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Tag: "regulate" at biology news

Forsyth scientists gain greater understanding of how embryos differentiate left from right

... at the 16-cell stage, suggesting that it helps to regulate the early flow of this important neurotransmitter. These data implicate H+-V-ATPase activity in patterning the left right axis of three different vertebrates, reveal mechanisms both upstream and downstream of its activity, and identify a novel role f...

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy

...current study believe they have found a new way to regulate the same GCPR pathways, but at different points. Where most drugs change the behavior of GPCRs on the outside of cells, the new class of drugs seeks to influence related signaling on the inside. Early studies suggest that the newly discovered "drug c...

Study finds evolution doesn't always favor bigger animals

...codes and other cold-blooded creatures that do not regulate their internal body temperatures, such as mollusks to turtles, also follow this rule. "It is a bit of a puzzle why Bergmann's Rule holds in cold-blooded animals like ostracodes," said Hunt. Hunt and Roy found that as ocean temperatures declined b...

New cellular flaw found in some virulent breast cancers

...Cyclin D1 is one of a family of proteins that help regulate a cell's passage through its cycle of rest and growth. Overabundance of cyclin D1 has been observed in many cancers. For a number of years, Sicinski's laboratory has carried out a series of experiments to determine whether the protein has an importan...

Aggression-related gene weakens brain's impulse control circuits

...ive violence appears to weaken brain circuits that regulate impulses, emotional memory and thinking in humans,...d activity was observed in higher brain areas that regulate the fear hub (cingulate, orbital frontal, and insular cortices) ?essentially the same circuit that w...

Tiny RNA molecules fine-tune the brain's synapses

... ?are now known to include important elements that regulate gene activity. Among those elements are microRNAs, tiny, recently discovered RNA molecules that suppress gene expression. Increasing evidence indicates a role for microRNAs in the developing nervous system, and researchers from Children's Hospital B...

Darkness unveils vital metabolic fuel switch between sugar and fat

...hors note that 5'-AMP has previously been shown to regulate enzyme activity for glucose usage and production. The brain requires glucose to function. By switching the primary source of energy in other organs from glucose to fat, 5'-AMP conserves glucose for brain function, the paper notes. "5'-AMP is a pi...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

... is on a daily cycle, and hormonal activities that regulate this are circadian," says senior author Mitch Laza...iopolar illness, inhibits GSK3, an enzyme known to regulate circadian rhythm in several animal species. In the present study, the researchers showed that the d...

The evolution of food plants: Genetic control of grass flower architecture

...s placed ra2 function upstream of other genes that regulate branch formation. The early expression of ra2 suggests that it functions in regulating the patterning of stem cells in axillary meristems. Said Dr. Hake, "we think that ra2 is critical for shaping the initial steps of inflorescence architecture in t...

Manipulating single cell receptor alters animal behavior

...e." "Understanding how signaling pathways work to regulate the ingestion of water and salt may shed light on how similar events affect other behaviors, including learning and memory, feeding, reproduction and social interactions.Daniels says the regulation of behavioral states by angiotensin "is a well-studi...

New compound stops brain cell degeneration in Alzheimer's disease

... the hippocampus, the area of the brain that helps regulate memory and is gradually destroyed in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Treatment with the compound also attenuated Alzheimer's-like behavioral deficits in the mice that are due to injury to the hippocampus. While previous research by t...

New RNAi tools enable systematic studies of gene function

... in a human cancer cell line to identify ones that regulate cell division during malignancy. Automated cellular imaging was used to efficiently identify dividing cells in thousands of samples. This approach uncovered more than 100 previously unknown growth regulators in addition to several known players, conf...

'Bad' enzymes may wear white hats after stroke

...t, based on their findings, it may be necessary to regulate the activity of MMPs much more precisely to enable the patient's optimal recovery. During nine months in Lo's lab, Wang also conducted research involving MMPs, statins, and Alzheimer's disease. Statins are a class of drugs that reduce serum choles...

Gene needed for butterfly transformation also key for insects like grasshoppers

...tion and the National Institutes of Health. Genes regulate how an organism grows and changes physically as it develops. The broad gene encodes a protein that attaches itself to a specific region of a DNA chain and controls which other genes will be copied. The researchers suspect that broad must be present f...

Mouse study reveals human X-SCID gene therapy poses substantial cancer risk

...s and bacteria, produce antibodies as well as help regulate the entire immune system. Without the common gamma chain, these cells cannot develop normally, and are unable to protect the body. Researchers who also contributed to this paper include Virginie Bottero, Ph.D., in the Laboratory of Genetics at the S...

Scaled-down genome may power up E. coli's ability in lab, industry

...when scientists first learned about the genes that regulate embryonic development in the fruit fly. She said one question that many scientists have been asking since is do other insects have those same genes? If they do, what role do these genes play to give insects such different ways of making segments? Re...

K-State researchers study gene regulation in insects

...when scientists first learned about the genes that regulate embryonic development in the fruit fly. She said one question that many scientists have been asking since is do other insects have those same genes? If they do, what role do these genes play to give insects such different ways of making segments? Re...

Whole-genome study at Johns Hopkins reveals a new gene associated with abnormal heart rhythm

... by prescribing beta-blockers and other drugs that regulate heart rhythm, and even by implanting automatic defibrillators in those with the highest risk. In an effort to identify risk factors with a genetic foundation, the researchers took the unconventional approach of starting from scratch and not looking ...

Swiss researchers develop all-in-one remote control gene expression tool

... to genetic transduction. "It's a flexible way to regulate the expression of genes in a cell," says EPFL professor Didier Trono. "The lentiviral vector integrates in an irreversible fashion into the cell and is then part of its genetic cargo and part of the genetic cargo of all its progeny." The efficiency...

A real time look at interactions between RNA and proteins

... The workhorses of the cell, RNA-binding proteins regulate every aspect of RNA function. Indeed, RNA is transported from one site to another inside the cell by RNA-binding proteins; RNA is translated into protein with the help of RNA-binding proteins, and RNA-binding proteins degrade used RNA. "They're reall...

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