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Tag: "region" at biology news

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

... More precisely, these variations are in a genetic region responsible for the determination of immune response capacity against a number of infectious diseases, including AIDS. These variations are located in the short arm of chromosome 6 in genes controlling HLA-B and HLA-C molecular systems, responsible f...

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

...the neurotransmitter binding site and the membrane region where the gate is located,” Chen said. “The sugar is kind of like a hinge. It’s pulling the door open and closed.” Cutting the sugar chains stopped the gate’s operation, according to Chen, who said, “The sugar is critical, in my opinion.” The r...

Cellular message movement captured on video

... of how paxillin can transmit information from one region of the cell, such as the periphery, to another region of the cell, such as the nucleus,” said Chien. “The whole situation is much more complex than we hav...

Researchers find 24 species believed new to science in Suriname rainforest

...bo, the capital. They found a virtually unexplored region of mountain savannah forest, high dryland rainfore...lso found 27 species endemic to the Guayana Shield region comprising Suriname and neighboring Guyana, French Guiana and northern Brazil, including a rare armo...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...el through which large molecules can pass. Another region of the protein, the luminal domain, clogs this barrel until the cell is ready to allow large molecules to pass through. Crystallographic studies had shown that TonB binds to one end of the luminal domain. Researchers had hypothesized that TonB som...

Stroke study sheds light on left-right brain divide

...e know that suffering a stroke in the left frontal region can affect aspects of speech and language, but this research highlights, for the first time, the additional challenges that people with right frontal-lobe damage might face in everyday life.’ 23 people, each with frontal lobe damage, performed a ‘...

Massive herds of animals found to still exist in Southern Sudan

...orthern Sudan, Southern Sudan formed an autonomous region as part of a 2005 peace agreement, and will hold a...joint efforts at all levels.” The Southern Sudan region was last surveyed in1982 by the Wildlife Conservation Society. Civil war broke out in the region in ...

UI anthropologist, colleagues discover remains of earliest giant panda

...her helps establish conditions that existed in the region during the varying climatic conditions of the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, stretching back some three millions years before the present. The pygmy giant panda lived in lowland tropical bamboo forests. It is often found associated with the extinct...

3-D ultrasound scanner provides in-depth view of the brain

...Medical Center directed a needle into a particular region of the animal's brain, as is required in surgeries to drain cerebrospinal fluid and relieve pressure on the brain. In a second animal, the researchers made use of dyes to enhance ultrasound images of blood vessels in the brain. The new advance is ...

Male circumcision overstated as prevention tool against AIDS

...encing an AIDS epidemic far in excess of any other region of the world with some African countries’ prevalence rates exceeding 25% of the adult population and tens of millions dying from the disease on the continent. Talbott’s new study suggests that the reason is that Africa as a whole has four times as ma...

Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain

...or fearful face, they have increased activity in a region of the brain called the amygdala, which serves as ...ve when an individual labeled the feeling, another region of the brain was more active: the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. This region is located behi...

Understanding why C. difficile causes disease -- it's hungry

...niversity. Sonenshein is studying a five-gene region of the bacterium’s chromosome known as the tcd locus. Two of the genes code for the toxins the bacterium produces that cause disease and a third gene codes for a protein that makes a hole in the organism’s cell envelope to let the toxins out. The l...

HIV and malaria combine to adversely affect pregnant women and their infants

...omen in their subsequent ones living in the Kenyan region where malaria is common. The researchers demonstrated that protection to PAM is mediated by a special type of antibody that allows women to preferentially clear the parasites in their placentas. They found that HIV-infected women lose these antibodie...

Scientists discover 5 new species of sea slugs from the Tropical Eastern Pacific

...Tropical Eastern Pacific, a discrete biogeographic region that has an extremely high rate of endemism among its marine organisms, continues to yield a wealth of never-before-described marine animals to visiting scientists at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. Alicia Hermosillo, researche...

Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's

...e blood flow and improve circulation to the memory region of the brain. These findings suggest that increases in brain nNos levels may play an important role in statin-induced improvement of spatial reference memory. The transgenic mice used in the study are homozygous for the gene for beta amyloid prote...

'Insulator' helps silence genes in dormant herpes virus

...puzzled over the mechanism used to keep this small region of the genome going while nearby genes remain quie...tency, the Herpes virus can protect this one small region of the genome from silencing, allowing infected cells to survive," says study senior author Jumin Zh...

How the brain's backup system compensates for stroke

...ers have pinpointed in humans how a "backup" brain region springs into action to compensate for disruption o...In their experiments, the researchers focused on a region of the brain called the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), which is known to govern the selection of an a...

Novel system developed to turn data into real-time, interactive 3-D images

...rtheast Ohio, and hopes to employ residents of the region in the further development and production of the technology. ...

8 plants from South Africa may hold potential for treating high blood pressure

... 16 plants growing in the country's Kwa-Zulu Natal region and concluded that eight plant extracts may hold value for treating high blood pressure (hypertension). The study, entitled ACE Inhibitor Activity of Nutritive Plants in Kwa-Zulu Natal, was conducted by Irene Mackraj and S. Ramesar, both of the De...

A frown or a smile? Children with autism can't discern

..., the autistic children showed no activity in this region of the brain whether they were looking at faces with a direct or an indirect gaze. “This part of the brain helps us discern the meaning and significance of what another person is thinking,?Davies said. “When responding to someone looking straight...

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