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Tag: "reduces" at biology news

Risk of HIV transmission highest early in infection

...rsity Hospitals, pointed out that diagnosis of HIV reduces the risk of transmission. But, they note, symptoms of primary HIV infection are non-specific. Only a small proportion of infected individuals are diagnosed in early infection, thus compounding the difficulties in preventing transmission at that stage...

Switching genes to overdrive improves muscular dystrophy symptoms in mice

... activity. Conversely, disease or lack of exercise reduces PGC-1alpha activity, causing a loss of NMJ function and weakening, or atrophying, of muscles. Spiegelman’s team had previously bred a strain of mice with higher-than-normal levels of PGC-1alpha in their muscles. Also available for the research was...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

... a vaccine that does not prevent HIV infection but reduces virus levels and preserves a segment of uninfected...s would be needed to determine if the vaccine also reduces the spread of HIV. Finally, an HIV vaccine that delays but does not completely prevent disease could...

Vaccine prevents prion disease in mice

...reases the spread of prion disease in animals also reduces the possibility that the disease could infect humans. ...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

... organism that is used to control insect pests and reduces pesticide use, so the more we know about it, the more useful it can be. "Insects are the major players in almost every ecosystem on the planet, so we need to know as much as we can about them." ...

An 'elegant' idea proves its worth 25 years later

...ing more in the body carries more nitrogen out and reduces the toxic effects of excess nitrogen accumulation." Excess nitrogen yields ammonia, which is poisonous and in the case of urea cycle disorders, causes brain damage, retardation, coma and even death. Despite the immediate clinical success of the...

Experts predict Tamiflu could halve the pandemic influenza death toll versus no intervention

...g other strategies such as school closures further reduces the attack and death rate and provides a health benefit at a reasonable cost. The research also showed that pre-pandemic vaccination programmes would play an important role but their effectiveness would be dependent upon how well the vaccine was matc...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

... shape nanoparticles into larger aggregates, which reduces the nanoparticles’ mobility, could have significant implications for bioremediation.” Moreau conducted the research under the guidance of Jill Banfield, a principal investigator in the Geochemistry Department of Berkeley Lab’s Earth Sciences Divis...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...ce sets up "a vicious cycle," Fox said, because it reduces a legume crop's natural need for nitrogen fixation but leaves a shortage of natural nitrogen in the soil for the next year's crop to utilize. Thus, she said, there is the need for yet more fertilizer. Other reasons, Fox said, have been poor soil q...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...he study shows that the inherited mutation greatly reduces the gene's protective activity. Furthermore, a second kind of change occurs later that turns the gene off altogether, leading to leukemia. This latter alteration is a chemical change that is not inherited. The findings could help identify people ...

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...istance. The Carnegie Mellon team found that FP-23 reduces the energy required to penetrate an artificial cell membrane by up to 13 fold, depending on the thickness of that membrane. “Reducing this energy should help explain in part how HIV infection occurs so readily,” said Tristram-Nagle. “Our findings de...

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