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Tag: "recognize" at biology news

New vaccine platform may fight infections with causes from influenza to bioterrorism

...gen fragment as a mug shot of sorts, and when they recognize the same fragment expressed on the on the infecting organism the antibodies give phagocytic cells the OK to consume, or eliminate, the pathogen. Through their studies, the researchers discovered a particularly potent fragment of pneumocystis, the kex...

Scientists develop nanotech-laser treatment that kills cancer cells without harming healthy tissue

...oma cells have well-defined surface receptors that recognize unique antibodies. When attached to a carbon nanotube, the antibody would play the role of a Trojan horse. Dai and Dean Felsher, a lymphoma researcher in the Stanford School of Medicine, have begun a collaboration using laboratory mice with lymphoma....

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

...o eat or expend energy. Two types of neurons that recognize and respond to these signals are found in the arcu...e NPY/AgRP neurons produced the molecule needed to recognize and take up that toxin. Then, by administering diphtheria toxin to these animals, the scientists cou...

Purdue researchers find key to rice blast fungus

...nisms regulate this process, how the fungus spores recognize the plant surface, and how they know to penetrate it." Once the fungus enters the rice leaf cells, the infected cells attempt to defend the plant by dying. This means death for young plants, while in older plants, rice grain is lost. The biggest ri...

UW scientists report a new method to speed bird flu vaccine production

...ulations, which prepare the human immune system to recognize and defeat the wild viruses that spread among humans in an epidemic or pandemic. In their report, a team led by UW-Madison virologists Yoshihiro Kawaoka and Gabriele Neumann, describes an improved "reverse genetics" technique that makes it easier to...

NHGRI expands effort to revolutionize sequencing technologies

...e group will engineer a device with the ability to recognize a nucleotide on the basis of changes in electrical...e sequencing that can also be used for projects to recognize genome variation. The group will design novel nanopores articulated with probes to sequentially, and...

Immune system has evolved to prevent autoimmune disease

...in a trillion times, meaning that on average, they recognize only invading pathogens. ...

Neurotransmitters signal aggressive cancer, offer potential for early diagnosis

...arts of the body, but now we have the potential to recognize them before they metastasize." Elevated amounts of GABA were discovered in an analysis of aggressive neuroendocrine prostate tumors in genetically engineered mice. Along with GABA, two other substances were seen, one a related neurotransmitter and t...

Experimental shingles vaccine proves effective in nationwide study

...shingles rash. Thus, it is important for people to recognize the symptoms of shingles and get to a doctor quickly. Antiviral medications do not help relieve PHN once it has begun. The researchers emphasize that the zoster vaccine was tested only as a preventive therapy and is not intended as a treatment for t...

Prozac for future Plants on Mars

...g to the same plant." The question was, do plants recognize their own roots and avoid competing with them and how do they do this? Working with common garden peas, Falik worked with Dr. Ariel Novoplansky at Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. The researchers used plants that had two roots and planted ...

Plants discriminate between self and non self

...g to the same plant." The question was, do plants recognize their own roots and avoid competing with them and how do they do this? Working with common garden peas, Falik worked with Dr. Ariel Novoplansky at Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. The researchers used plants that had two roots and planted ...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

...rease in the production of killer T cells that can recognize the HER-2/Neu pieces on the surface of the tumor cell. In addition, the Penn team helped the immune system along by fusing the tumor antigen to a bacterial protein that seems to activate antigen-presenting cells. They have found that by doing this th...

Researchers discover new tumor defense system

...s of the ability of the cytotoxic T lymphocytes to recognize the tumor and a physical barrier separating the lymphocytes and the tumor. Now, Dr. Alan M. Kleinfeld and Clifford Okada of the Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies in San Diego, CA, have added another reason to this list. They discovered th...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...ter membranes of T cells ?immune system cells that recognize foreign invaders and alert other types of immune cell to come to the rescue. The genetic material of the virus, which is basically a strand of RNA, then forces the cell's DNA to make copies of it. Newly minted viruses created by the host DNA later br...

Researchers Create DNA-Based Sensors for Nano-Tongues and Nano-Noses

...neered, in a process called directed evolution, to recognize a wide variety of targets, including small molecules and specific proteins. Likewise, the nanotubes are ideal for signalling when the DNA has captured a target molecule. Single-walled nanotubes are formed from a single sheet of carbon molecules conn...

Researchers discover new route to hemoglobin synthesis

...educating the mothers in mothercraft skills and to recognize signs of infant withdrawal, and helps in assessment of the quality of the mother-infant interaction in a supervised environment." ...

Opiates Better Than Sedatives For Treating Newborns In Withdrawal

...educating the mothers in mothercraft skills and to recognize signs of infant withdrawal, and helps in assessment of the quality of the mother-infant interaction in a supervised environment." ...

Simple sea sponge helps scientists understand tissue rejection

...w organs requires a working knowledge of how cells recognize and accept or reject each other. Xavier Fernndez-Busquets, an MBL researcher visiting from the University of Barcelona, has found the perfect ally in this quest: the red beard sea sponge, an Atlantic species that grows abundantly from just north of C...

Bacteria recognize antimicrobials, respond with counter-defenses

...evealed a molecular mechanism whereby bacteria can recognize tiny antimicrobial peptide molecules, then respond by becoming more virulent. Their studies were done on the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. The findings were published in the Aug. 12 edition of Cell. Salmonella typhimurium can contaminate meats ...

Beauty queens urge girls not to sacrifice their bones

...s to take responsibility for their bone health, to recognize that while beauty is partly physical it is also made up of inner beauty that includes respecting one's health and behavior. Medical specialists from IOF noted that with Asia's aging population, it is expected that the burden of osteoporosis will inc...

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