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Tag: "receptors" at biology news

Cellular message movement captured on video

...sion signals from several classes of growth-factor receptors to the nucleus. Cancer researchers are eager to...ic membrane. Focal adhesions are regions rich with receptors for growth factors and they are also structural attachment points that link the extracellular world ...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...hemicals bind to and block connections to specific receptors (NodD) inside rhizobia bacteria living in root nodules in the soil. Rotation legume crops such as alfalfa and soybeans require such interaction to naturally replace nitrogen levels that, in turn, benefit primary market crops like corn grown after leg...

Endosome-mediated signaling in plants

... thought to function solely in the inactivation of receptors and the down-regulation of cell signaling. Work in animal cells over the past several years has shown that receptor endocytosis can actually facilitate signaling through the cell, by bringing signaling components in contact with their activated recep...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

...e jaw joint. Study Details Proteins called receptors are built into the outer surfaces of human cells, ...o the signal. On nerve cells for instance, certain receptors are shaped to accept naturally occurring painkillers called opioids, which when they dock, prevent t...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...or treating pain. "By understanding how sensory receptors work, how thresholds for temperature are determine.... The methanol receptor, and other temperature receptors discovered in recent years by the Julius lab, offer potential targets for developing analgesic drugs...

Better insight into brain anatomical structures

...hese antibodies recognize and specifically bind to receptors on the surface of breast cancer cells. In mouse brains with breast cancer metastases, the tumors were clearly highlighted by the antibody-coupled contrast agent. The same principle should allow other disease-related changes or physiological systems t...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...p the three-dimensional requirements of biological receptors on cell surfaces. Typically, receptors bind small molecules through a lock and key mechanism where the molecule is the key and the receptor...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...smitters, target a specific family of cell surface receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors. The research...e of nitric oxide or SNOs determines whether these receptors continue to function properly. This action is controlled by the ability of nitric oxide to inhibit a...

Molecule that destroys bone also protects it, new research shows

...ues conducted the research in mice bred to have no receptors for IL-17. Other researchers had shown previously, using rats and mice as animal models, that blocking the receptor for IL-17 could be an effective therapy for RA and possibly for other autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, colitis, psorias...

Effect on breast tumors of DNA alternations in 3 genes described

...aid Tao. ER-positive tumors are those that express receptors for the hormone estrogen. Such tumors respond to treatments that block these receptors. "Similarly, hypermethylation of E-cadherin was more frequent among progestin receptor (PR)-negative cases," said Tao. "Compared to tumors that were both ER-...

Detecting poisons in nectar is an odour-ous task for honeybees

...that honeybees do not have as many genes for taste receptors as other animals of a similar size, such as flies and mosquitoes. This prompted scientists to think that perhaps honeybees had a reduced need to detect and learn about toxins, despite the fact that some floral nectar contains toxins. Work carried o...

UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes

...ck -- in order to elicit a cellular response. The receptors mobbed the patients?immune systems, even on T-cell...s?blood. The new antibody binds to the excess receptors on the T-cells, mimicking the actions of a hormone called IGF-1, or insulin-like growth factor 1. S...

Brain's reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle

...reas to the cortex. Reward circuit neurons harbor receptors for estrogen and progesterone. However, how these hormones influence reward circuit activity in humans has remained unclear. To pinpoint hormone effects on the reward circuit, Berman and colleagues scanned the brain activity of 13 women and 13 m...

Mechanism of nicotine's learning effects explored

...nown that nicotine enhances learning by activating receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Such neurotransmitters are the chemical signals that one neuron launches at another to trigger a nerve impulse in the receiving neuron. In their studies, Mansvelder and colleagues found that by activating ac...

UC Davis researchers use heated nanoprobes to destroy breast cancer cells in mice

...tream, the probes began to seek out and latch onto receptors on the surface of malignant cells. Three days later, the team applied an alternating magnetic field to the tumor region, causing the magnetic nanospheres latched onto the tumor cells to change polarity thousands of times per second, instantaneousl...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...me obese maintained normal levels of the ARH brain receptors that respond to leptin, the researchers showed, while the level of SOCS-3 rose. Leptin hormone in those heavy animals failed to elicit “any element of the leptin signaling cascade.?The researchers demonstrated that those later players in the leptin p...

Navigable nanotransport

...ave a significantly increased number of folic acid receptors on the surfaces of their cells. The folic acid on the capsules docks into these sites and is brought into the interior of the cell. Here, the contents of the capsule, such as an antitumor drug or contrast agent, can be released to selectively attack ...

Researchers learn what sparks plant growth

...t hormones called brassinosteroids, as well as the receptors for the hormones and the genetic factors that regu...ssinosteroid hormone was expressed and taken up by receptors in the epidermis, dwarf plants grew to their full size. Savaldi-Goldstein and Chory also found that ...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

...oratory conducted the study. "Plants have Nod-like receptors and similar immune responses to bacteria and other pathogens-the R proteins evolved to counteract these pathogenic effects. Our study provides a new perspective on the Nod1 pathway in mammalian cells as well as the value of drawing on plant studies o...

'Guardian of the genome' protein found to underlie skin tanning

...dorphin, a protein that binds to the body's opiate receptors and may be associated with feelings of pleasure. "Even as p53 is causing skin to tan during sunlight exposure, it may also affect neuronal circuits," Fisher says. "These proteins may provide an explicit link between the regulation of tanning and of m...

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